My Application Could not open ServletContext resource

Question

i have Eclipse Maven web project where i use Spring mvc and Spring security. When i truy to launch it, it doesn't suceed to intialize the context:

Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/spring-dispatcher-servlet.xml]

More details below:

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This my web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">  <display-name>Web Manager</display-name> <welcome-file-list>     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list>  <listener>     <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <context-param>     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>     <param-value>              /WEB-INF/spring/app-config.xml, /WEB-INF/spring/security-config.xml     </param-value> </context-param>  <!-- Spring MVC --> <servlet>     <servlet-name>spring-dispatcher</servlet-name>     <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping>     <servlet-name>spring-dispatcher</servlet-name>     <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>  <!-- Spring Security --> <filter>     <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>     <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping>     <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app> 

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This my app-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">  <!-- Scans the classpath of this application for @Components to deploy as beans --> <context:component-scan base-package="fr.tessa.webmanager" />   <!-- Configures the @Controller programming model --> <mvc:annotation-driven />  <!-- misc --> <bean id="viewResolver"     class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">     <property name="viewClass"         value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />     <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean>  <!-- Configure the multipart resolver --> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">     <!-- one of the properties available; the maximum file size in bytes -->     <property name="maxUploadSize" value="1000000" /> </bean>  <!-- Configures Hibernate - Database Config --> <import resource="dbconfig/validationdb-config.xml" /> <import resource="dbconfig/db-config.xml" />  

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this is my security-config.xml

<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans                  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/security                  http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.1.xsd">  <http use-expressions="true">     <intercept-url pattern="/welcome*" access="ROLE_USER" />     <form-login login-page="/login" default-target-url="/welcome"         authentication-failure-url="/loginfailed" />     <logout logout-success-url="/logout" /> </http> <authentication-manager>   <authentication-provider>     <user-service>         <user name="mkyong" password="123456" authorities="ROLE_USER" />     </user-service>   </authentication-provider> </authentication-manager> </beans:beans> 

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my problem is when i launch the application i have error like

Infos: Loading XML bean definitions from ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/spring-dispatcher-servlet.xml] févr. 19, 2013 10:50:09 AM org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet initServletBean Grave: Context initialization failed org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/spring-dispatcher-servlet.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/spring-dispatcher-servlet.xml] at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:341) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:302) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:174) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:209) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:180) at org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125) at org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:131) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:522) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:436) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:631) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:588) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:645) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:508) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:449) at org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:133) at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:212) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1173) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:993) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:4350) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4659) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:785) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:445) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Embedded.start(Embedded.java:825) at org.codehaus.mojo.tomcat.AbstractRunMojo.startContainer(AbstractRunMojo.java:558) at org.codehaus.mojo.tomcat.AbstractRunMojo.execute(AbstractRunMojo.java:255) at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:101) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:209) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:84) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:59) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.singleThreadedBuild(LifecycleStarter.java:183) at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:161) at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:320) at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:156) at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:537) at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:196) at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:141) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:290) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:230) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:409) at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:352) Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/spring-dispatcher-servlet.xml] at org.springframework.web.context.support.ServletContextResource.getInputStream(ServletContextResource.java:140) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:328) ... 48 more 

It say that it not find /WEB-INF/spring-dispatcher-servlet.xml but i did't put it in web.xml, my configuration file is app-config.xml

Answer 1

Quote from the Spring reference doc:

Upon initialization of a DispatcherServlet, Spring MVC looks for a file named [servlet-name]-servlet.xml in the WEB-INF directory of your web application and creates the beans defined there...

Your servlet is called spring-dispatcher, so it looks for /WEB-INF/spring-dispatcher-servlet.xml. You need to have this servlet configuration, and define web related beans in there (like controllers, view resolvers, etc). See the linked documentation for clarification on the relation of servlet contexts to the global application context (which is the app-config.xml in your case).

One more thing, if you don't like the naming convention of the servlet config xml, you can specify your config explicitly:

<servlet>     <servlet-name>spring-dispatcher</servlet-name>     <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>     <init-param>         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>         <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/appServlet/servlet-context.xml</param-value>     </init-param>     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> 

Answer 2

If you are getting this error with a Java configuration, it is usually because you forget to pass in the application context to the DispatcherServlet constructor:

AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext(); ctx.register(WebConfig.class);  ServletRegistration.Dynamic dispatcher = sc.addServlet("dispatcher",      new DispatcherServlet()); // <-- no constructor args! dispatcher.setLoadOnStartup(1); dispatcher.addMapping("/*"); 

Fix it by adding the context as the constructor arg:

AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext(); ctx.register(WebConfig.class);  ServletRegistration.Dynamic dispatcher = sc.addServlet("dispatcher",      new DispatcherServlet(ctx)); // <-- hooray! Spring doesn't look for XML files! dispatcher.setLoadOnStartup(1); dispatcher.addMapping("/*");