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We all know there is a null character automatically attached to the end of a C-string...How about C++ string object? Is there also a null character at the end of it?
Thank you so much!
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All character strings are terminated with a null character. The null character indicates the end of the string. Such strings are called null-terminated strings. The null terminator of a multibyte string consists of one byte whose value is 0.
Strings in C are represented by arrays of characters. The end of the string is marked with a special character, the null character , which is simply the character with the value 0. (The null character has no relation except in name to the null pointer .
Strings are actually one-dimensional array of characters terminated by a null character '\0'. Thus a null-terminated string contains the characters that comprise the string followed by a null. The following declaration and initialization create a string consisting of the word "Hello".
C strings are null-terminated. That is, they are terminated by the null character, NUL . They are not terminated by the null pointer NULL , which is a completely different kind of value with a completely different purpose.
In C++03, a std::string was not required to be stored in a NUL-terminated buffer, but if you called c_str() it would return a pointer to a NUL-terminated buffer. That buffer could legally be created and/or terminated inside the c_str() call.
In C++11, all std::string instances are terminated, so data() also addresses a NUL-terminated buffer, and even s[s.size()] has a well-defined meaning returning a reference to the terminating NUL.
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std::string is very much a std::vector: it has a length attribute and is not zero terminated in C++03; in C++11 'std::string' does seems to be terminated, but I find it easier to think of 'std::string' as a 'std::vector' of characters and not just a terminated buffer.
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