Is there a difference between "==" and "is"?

Question

My Google-fu has failed me.

In Python, are the following two tests for equality equivalent?

n = 5 # Test one. if n == 5:     print 'Yay!'  # Test two. if n is 5:     print 'Yay!' 

Does this hold true for objects where you would be comparing instances (a list say)?

Okay, so this kind of answers my question:

L = [] L.append(1) if L == [1]:     print 'Yay!' # Holds true, but...  if L is [1]:     print 'Yay!' # Doesn't. 

So == tests value where is tests to see if they are the same object?

Answer 1

is will return True if two variables point to the same object (in memory), == if the objects referred to by the variables are equal.

>>> a = [1, 2, 3] >>> b = a >>> b is a  True >>> b == a True  # Make a new copy of list `a` via the slice operator,  # and assign it to variable `b` >>> b = a[:]  >>> b is a False >>> b == a True 

In your case, the second test only works because Python caches small integer objects, which is an implementation detail. For larger integers, this does not work:

>>> 1000 is 10**3 False >>> 1000 == 10**3 True 

The same holds true for string literals:

>>> "a" is "a" True >>> "aa" is "a" * 2 True >>> x = "a" >>> "aa" is x * 2 False >>> "aa" is intern(x*2) True 

Please see this question as well.