Is Node.js Array.map() asynchronous?

Question

JavaScript is also a functional programming language. What you have here is a «higher order function», a function which takes a function as a parameter. Higher order functions are synchronous (but see note below).

Sources:

• Functional Programming
• Higher order functions in JavaScript

map() is a typical example of a higher order function. It takes a function and applies it to all elements of an array. The definition sounds very «functional». This function is also not provided by Node. It is documented by MDN Array.prototype.map() and specified by ECMAScript 5.1.

To answer your question: Yes, doSomething(nodeIDs) is called after all elements have been applied.

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Note: The higher order function is a concept of functional programming. JavaScript is functional, but also deeply seated in the practicality of executing code inside a browser or on the server. I would say that for example setTimeout() is not a higher order function even if it takes a function as a parameter because setTimeout() is not really purely functional because it uses time. Pure functionality is timeless. For example the result of map() doesn't depend on time. And that's what this question is really about. If something doesn't depend on time you execute it synchronously. Problem solved.

Thanks to Simon for challenging the definition of the higher order function in JavaScript.

Yes, .map is synchronous. "Callback" does not imply "asynchronous".

import the async module to have an asynchronous 'map' method

var async = require('async');

var arr = ['1','2'];
async.map(arr, getInfo, function (e, r) {
  console.log(r);
});

function getInfo(name, callback) {
  setTimeout(function() {
    callback(null, name + 'new');
  }, 1000);
}

This function is synchronous - otherwise it couldn't return the result of the map operation.

Any callbacks that might take longer time (mainly due to IO) are asynchronous in nodejs - unless the method is explicitely marked as being synchronous (such as fs.readFileSync - but that doesn't use a callback). You probably confused that somehow.