Importing classes from different files in a subdirectory

Question

Here's the structure I'm working with:

directory/           script.py           subdir/                  __init__.py                  myclass01.py                  myclass02.py 

What I want to do is import in script.py the classes defined in myclass01.py and myclass02.py. If I do:

from subdir.myclass01 import * 

It works fine for the class defined in myclass01.py. But with this solution if there are many classes defined in different files in subdir and I want to import all of them, I'd have to type one line for each file. There must be a shortcut for this. I tried:

from subdir.* import * 

But it didn't work out.

EDIT: here are the contents of the files:

This is __init__.py (using __all__ as Apalala suggested):

__all__ = ['MyClass01','MyClass02'] 

This is myclass01.py:

class MyClass01:     def printsomething():         print 'hey' 

This is myclass02.py:

class MyClass02:     def printsomething():         print 'sup' 

This is script.py:

from subdir import * MyClass01().printsomething() MyClass02().printsomething() 

This is the traceback that I get when I try to run script.py:

File "script.py", line 1, in <module>     from subdir import * AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'MyClass01' 

Answer 1

Although the names used there are different from what's shown in your question's directory structure, you could use my answer to the question titled Namespacing and classes. The __init__.py shown there would have also allowed the usepackage.py script to have been written this way (package maps to subdir in your question, and Class1 to myclass01, etc):

from package import *  print Class1 print Class2 print Class3 

Revision (updated):

Oops, sorry, the code in my other answer doesn't quite do what you want — it only automatically imports the names of any package submodules. To make it also import the named attributes from each submodule requires a few more lines of code. Here's a modified version of the package's __init__.py file (which also works in Python 3.4.1):

def _import_package_files():     """ Dynamically import all the public attributes of the python modules in this         file's directory (the package directory) and return a list of their names.     """     import os     exports = []     globals_, locals_ = globals(), locals()     package_path = os.path.dirname(__file__)     package_name = os.path.basename(package_path)      for filename in os.listdir(package_path):         modulename, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)         if modulename[0] != '_' and ext in ('.py', '.pyw'):             subpackage = '{}.{}'.format(package_name, modulename) # pkg relative             module = __import__(subpackage, globals_, locals_, [modulename])             modict = module.__dict__             names = (modict['__all__'] if '__all__' in modict else                      [name for name in modict if name[0] != '_'])  # all public             exports.extend(names)             globals_.update((name, modict[name]) for name in names)      return exports  if __name__ != '__main__':     __all__ = ['__all__'] + _import_package_files()  # '__all__' in __all__ 

Alternatively you can put the above into a separate .py module file of its own in the package directory—such as _import_package_files.py—and use it from the package's __init__.py like this:

if __name__ != '__main__':     from ._import_package_files import *  # defines __all__     __all__.remove('__all__')  # prevent export (optional) 

Whatever you name the file, it should be something that starts with an _ underscore character so it doesn't try to import itself recursively.