How to make sure the numpy BLAS libraries are available as dynamically-loadable libraries?

Question

The theano installation documentation states, that theano will as a default use the BLAS libraries from numpy, if the "BLAS libraries are available as dynamically-loadable libraries". This seems not to be working on my machine, see error message.

• How do I find out, if the numpy BLAS libraries are availalbe as dynamically-loadable?
• How do I recompile the numpy BLAS libraries, if they are not dynamically-loadable?

Please indicate, if you would need more information!

Error message

We did not found a dynamic library into the library_dir of the library we use for blas. If you use ATLAS, make sure to compile it with dynamics library. /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lblas

Appendix

The theano library needs among other things numpy and a BLAS library. I figured numpy comes with BLAS if you install it with sudo apt-get install python-numpy python-scipy under Ubuntu.

This is the filelisting of /usr/lib64/python2.6/dist-packages/scipy/lib/blas

cblas.so  info.py   __init__.py   scons_support.py   setup.py      fblas.so  info.pyc  __init__.pyc  scons_support.pyc  setup.pyc   setupscons.py  test setupscons.pyc 

This is the output of distutils.__config__.show() is as follows

blas_info:     libraries = ['blas']     library_dirs = ['/usr/lib64']     language = f77  lapack_info:     libraries = ['lapack']     library_dirs = ['/usr/lib64']     language = f77  atlas_threads_info:   NOT AVAILABLE  blas_opt_info:     libraries = ['blas']     library_dirs = ['/usr/lib64']     language = f77     define_macros = [('NO_ATLAS_INFO', 1)]  atlas_blas_threads_info:   NOT AVAILABLE  lapack_opt_info:     libraries = ['lapack', 'blas']     library_dirs = ['/usr/lib64']     language = f77     define_macros = [('NO_ATLAS_INFO', 1)]  atlas_info:   NOT AVAILABLE  lapack_mkl_info:   NOT AVAILABLE  blas_mkl_info:   NOT AVAILABLE  atlas_blas_info:   NOT AVAILABLE  mkl_info:   NOT AVAILABLE 

Answer 1

After downloading the Anaconda distro of python libraries, I just encountered the same issue on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 64-bit. Pointing Theano to the directory containing libblas.so took care of it.

$ THEANO_FLAGS=blas.ldflags="-L/usr/lib/ -lblas" python rbm.py