The CSS just sizes the div, vertically center aligns the span by setting the div's line-height equal to its height, and makes the span an inline-block with vertical-align: middle. Then it sets the line-height back to normal for the span, so its contents will flow naturally inside the block.
Vertically centering div items inside another div Just set the container to display:table and then the inner items to display:table-cell . Set a height on the container, and then set vertical-align:middle on the inner items.
Use line-height for vertical centering with a fixed height To vertically center a single line of text or an icon within its container, we can use the line-height property. This property controls the height of a line in a run of text and adds an equal amount of space above and below the line-box of inline elements.
Just add
position: relative;
top: 50%;
transform: translateY(-50%);
to the inner div.
What it does is moving the inner div's top border to the half height of the outer div (top: 50%;
) and then the inner div up by half its height (transform: translateY(-50%)
). This will work with position: absolute
or relative
.
Keep in mind that transform
and translate
have vendor prefixes which are not included for simplicity.
Codepen: http://codepen.io/anon/pen/ZYprdb
This seems to be the best solution I’ve found to this problem, as long as your browser supports the ::before
pseudo element: CSS-Tricks: Centering in the Unknown.
It doesn’t require any extra markup and seems to work extremely well. I couldn’t use the display: table
method because table
elements don’t obey the max-height
property.
.block {
height: 300px;
text-align: center;
background: #c0c0c0;
border: #a0a0a0 solid 1px;
margin: 20px;
}
.block::before {
content: '';
display: inline-block;
height: 100%;
vertical-align: middle;
margin-right: -0.25em; /* Adjusts for spacing */
/* For visualization
background: #808080; width: 5px;
*/
}
.centered {
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: middle;
width: 300px;
padding: 10px 15px;
border: #a0a0a0 solid 1px;
background: #f5f5f5;
}
<div class="block">
<div class="centered">
<h1>Some text</h1>
<p>But he stole up to us again, and suddenly clapping his hand on my
shoulder, said—"Did ye see anything looking like men going
towards that ship a while ago?"</p>
</div>
</div>
This is something I have needed to do many times and a consistent solution still requires you add a little non-semantic markup and some browser specific hacks. When we get browser support for css 3 you'll get your vertical centering without sinning.
For a better explanation of the technique you can look the article I adapted it from, but basically it involves adding an extra element and applying different styles in IE and browsers that support position:table\table-cell
on non-table elements.
<div class="valign-outer">
<div class="valign-middle">
<div class="valign-inner">
Excuse me. What did you sleep in your clothes again last night. Really. You're gonna be in the car with her. Hey, not too early I sleep in on Saturday. Oh, McFly, your shoe's untied. Don't be so gullible, McFly. You got the place fixed up nice, McFly. I have you're car towed all the way to your house and all you've got for me is light beer. What are you looking at, butthead. Say hi to your mom for me.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<style>
/* Non-structural styling */
.valign-outer { height: 400px; border: 1px solid red; }
.valign-inner { border: 1px solid blue; }
</style>
<!--[if lte IE 7]>
<style>
/* For IE7 and earlier */
.valign-outer { position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.valign-middle { position: absolute; top: 50%; }
.valign-inner { position: relative; top: -50% }
</style>
<![endif]-->
<!--[if gt IE 7]> -->
<style>
/* For other browsers */
.valign-outer { position: static; display: table; overflow: hidden; }
.valign-middle { position: static; display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; }
</style>
There are many ways (hacks) to apply styles in specific sets of browsers. I used conditional comments but look at the article linked above to see two other techniques.
Note: There are simple ways to get vertical centering if you know some heights in advance, if you are trying to center a single line of text, or in several other cases. If you have more details then throw them in because there may be a method that doesn't require browser hacks or non-semantic markup.
Update: We are beginning to get better browser support for CSS3, bringing both flex-box and transforms as alternative methods for getting vertical centering (among other effects). See this other question for more information about modern methods, but keep in mind that browser support is still sketchy for CSS3.
you can use flex display such as below code:
.example{
background-color:red;
height:90px;
width:90px;
display:flex;
align-items:center; /*for vertically center*/
justify-content:center; /*for horizontally center*/
}
<div class="example">
<h6>Some text</h6>
</div>
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