how to make two column as a primary key in hibernate annotation class

Question

This is my annotation class and i want userId and groupId column both as primary key. I have found more questions (Question) about this, but didn't found relevant answer. I have less reputation, so I am not able to comment on posts, So I am putting my question here.

This is my code..

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.EmbeddedId;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

import org.hibernate.annotations.NaturalId;

@Entity
@Table(name="user_group")
public class user_group {

@Column(name="serviceProvider")
private String serviceProvider;

@Column(name="enterpriseId")
private String enterpriseId;

@Column(name="department")
private String department;

@Column(name="trunkGroupName")
private String trunkGroupName;
@Id
@Column(name="userId")
private String userId;


@Column(name="groupId")
private String group;


public String getUserId() {
    return userId;
}


public void setUserId(String userId) {
    this.userId = userId;
}


public String getGroup() {
    return group;
}


public void setGroup(String group) {
    this.group = group;
}

public String getServiceProvider() {
    return serviceProvider;
}

public void setServiceProvider(String serviceProvider) {
    this.serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
}

public String getEnterpriseId() {
    return enterpriseId;
}

public void setEnterpriseId(String enterpriseId) {
    this.enterpriseId = enterpriseId;
}

public String getDepartment() {
    return department;
}

public void setDepartment(String department) {
    this.department = department;
}

public String getTrunkGroupName() {
    return trunkGroupName;
}

public void setTrunkGroupName(String trunkGroupName) {
    this.trunkGroupName = trunkGroupName;
}


}

Answer 1

You should create a new @Embeddable class containing the PK fields:

@Embeddable
public class user_groupId implements Serializable { 
    @Column(name="userId")
    private String userId;

    @Column(name="groupId")
    private String group;
}

And use it in the @Entity as an @EmbeddedId:

@Entity
public class user_group {

    @EmbeddedId
    user_groupId id;

    ...
}

You could also use the @IdClass annotation to that effect.

This excellent answer by Pascal Thivent elaborates on the details. You can also take a look at this other answer I posted to a almost identical question some time ago.

As a side note, if you've got control over the DB structure, you might also consider avoiding composite keys. There are some reasons to do so.

Answer 2

you can create a composite primary key in hibernate using @UniqueConstraint annotation.

@Table(name="user_group",uniqueConstraints=@UniqueConstraint(columnNames= {"userId","groupId"}))
public class user_group 
{
       @Column(name="userId")
       private String userId;

       @Column(name="groupId")
       private String group;
}

above method is not feasible if we use spring because for creating composite primary key we have to create a class is not a good thing.
in hibernate and spring you only have to create POJO classes which are available as an entity on your system.