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How to fix ''UnicodeDecodeError: 'charmap' codec can't decode byte 0x9d in position 29815: character maps to <undefined>''?

At the moment, I am trying to get a Python 3 program to do some manipulations with a text file filled with information, through the Spyder IDE/GUI. However, when trying to read the file I get the following error:

  File "<ipython-input-13-d81e1333b8cd>", line 77, in <module>
    parser(f)

  File "<ipython-input-13-d81e1333b8cd>", line 18, in parser
    data = infile.read()

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\encodings\cp1252.py", line 23, in decode
    return codecs.charmap_decode(input,self.errors,decoding_table)[0]

UnicodeDecodeError: 'charmap' codec can't decode byte 0x9d in position 29815: character maps to <undefined>

The code of the program is as follows:

import os

os.getcwd()

import glob
import re
import sqlite3
import csv

def parser(file):

    # Open a TXT file. Store all articles in a list. Each article is an item
    # of the list. Split articles based on the location of such string as
    # 'Document PRN0000020080617e46h00461'

    articles = []
    with open(file, 'r') as infile:
        data = infile.read()
    start = re.search(r'\n HD\n', data).start()
    for m in re.finditer(r'Document [a-zA-Z0-9]{25}\n', data):
        end = m.end()
        a = data[start:end].strip()
        a = '\n   ' + a
        articles.append(a)
        start = end

    # In each article, find all used Intelligence Indexing field codes. Extract
    # content of each used field code, and write to a CSV file.

    # All field codes (order matters)
    fields = ['HD', 'CR', 'WC', 'PD', 'ET', 'SN', 'SC', 'ED', 'PG', 'LA', 'CY', 'LP',
              'TD', 'CT', 'RF', 'CO', 'IN', 'NS', 'RE', 'IPC', 'IPD', 'PUB', 'AN']

    for a in articles:
        used = [f for f in fields if re.search(r'\n   ' + f + r'\n', a)]
        unused = [[i, f] for i, f in enumerate(fields) if not re.search(r'\n   ' + f + r'\n', a)]
        fields_pos = []
        for f in used:
            f_m = re.search(r'\n   ' + f + r'\n', a)
            f_pos = [f, f_m.start(), f_m.end()]
            fields_pos.append(f_pos)
        obs = []
        n = len(used)
        for i in range(0, n):
            used_f = fields_pos[i][0]
            start = fields_pos[i][2]
            if i < n - 1:
                end = fields_pos[i + 1][1]
            else:
                end = len(a)
            content = a[start:end].strip()
            obs.append(content)
        for f in unused:
            obs.insert(f[0], '')
        obs.insert(0, file.split('/')[-1].split('.')[0])  # insert Company ID, e.g., GVKEY
        # print(obs)
        cur.execute('''INSERT INTO articles
                       (id, hd, cr, wc, pd, et, sn, sc, ed, pg, la, cy, lp, td, ct, rf,
                       co, ina, ns, re, ipc, ipd, pub, an)
                       VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?,
                       ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)''', obs)

# Write to SQLITE
conn = sqlite3.connect('factiva.db')
with conn:
    cur = conn.cursor()
    cur.execute('DROP TABLE IF EXISTS articles')
    # Mirror all field codes except changing 'IN' to 'INC' because it is an invalid name
    cur.execute('''CREATE TABLE articles
                   (nid integer primary key, id text, hd text, cr text, wc text, pd text,
                   et text, sn text, sc text, ed text, pg text, la text, cy text, lp text,
                   td text, ct text, rf text, co text, ina text, ns text, re text, ipc text,
                   ipd text, pub text, an text)''')
    for f in glob.glob('*.txt'):
        print(f)
        parser(f)

# Write to CSV to feed Stata
with open('factiva.csv', 'w', newline='') as csvfile:
    writer = csv.writer(csvfile)
    with conn:
        cur = conn.cursor()
        cur.execute('SELECT * FROM articles WHERE hd IS NOT NULL')
        colname = [desc[0] for desc in cur.description]
        writer.writerow(colname)
        for obs in cur.fetchall():
            writer.writerow(obs)
like image 963
user3443027 Avatar asked Mar 29 '18 18:03

user3443027


5 Answers

As you see from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows-1252, the code 0x9D is not defined in CP1252.

The "error" is e.g. in your open function: you do not specify the encoding, so python (just in windows) will use some system encoding. In general, if you read a file that maybe was not create in the same machine, it is really better to specify the encoding.

I recommend to put also a coding also on your open for writing the csv. It is really better to be explicit.

I do no know the original file format, but adding to open , encoding='utf-8' is usually a good thing (and it is the default in Linux and MacOs).

like image 132
Giacomo Catenazzi Avatar answered Sep 28 '22 21:09

Giacomo Catenazzi


Add encoding in the open statement For example:

f=open("filename.txt","r",encoding='utf-8') 
like image 33
Martin Kinuthia Avatar answered Sep 28 '22 20:09

Martin Kinuthia


The above did not work for me, try this instead: , errors='ignore' Worked wonders!

like image 45
Romano Avatar answered Sep 28 '22 21:09

Romano


You can also try file = open(filename, 'rb') 'rb' translates to read binary if you wouldn't need to decode it. Say if you just want to upload to a website

like image 21
Nnaobi Avatar answered Sep 28 '22 21:09

Nnaobi


errors='ignore' solved my headache in:

how to find the word "coma"in directories and subdirectories =

import os
rootdir=('K:\\0\\000.THU.EEG.nedc_tuh_eeg\\000edf.01_tcp_ar\\01_tcp_ar\\')
for folder, dirs, files in os.walk(rootdir):
    for file in files:
        if file.endswith('.txt'):
            fullpath = os.path.join(folder, file)
            with open(fullpath, 'r', errors='ignore') as f:
                for line in f:
                    if "coma" in line:
                        print(fullpath)
                        break
like image 24
pkanda Avatar answered Sep 28 '22 22:09

pkanda