How to Consume WCF Service with Android

Question

I am creating a server in .NET and a client application for Android. I would like to implement an authentication method which sends username and password to server and a server sends back a session string.

I'm not familiar with WCF so I would really appreciate your help.

In java I've written the following method:

private void Login()
{
  HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
  try
  {
      String url = "http://192.168.1.5:8000/Login?username=test&password=test";

    HttpGet method = new HttpGet( new URI(url) );
    HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(method);
    if ( response != null )
    {
      Log.i( "login", "received " + getResponse(response.getEntity()) );
    }
    else
    {
      Log.i( "login", "got a null response" );
    }
  } catch (IOException e) {
    Log.e( "error", e.getMessage() );
  } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
    Log.e( "error", e.getMessage() );
  }
}

private String getResponse( HttpEntity entity )
{
  String response = "";

  try
  {
    int length = ( int ) entity.getContentLength();
    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer( length );
    InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader( entity.getContent(), "UTF-8" );
    char buff[] = new char[length];
    int cnt;
    while ( ( cnt = isr.read( buff, 0, length - 1 ) ) > 0 )
    {
      sb.append( buff, 0, cnt );
    }

      response = sb.toString();
      isr.close();
  } catch ( IOException ioe ) {
    ioe.printStackTrace();
  }

  return response;
}

But on the server side so far I haven't figured out anything.

I would be really thankful if anyone could explain how to create an appropriate method string Login(string username, string password) with appropriate App.config settings and Interface with appropriate [OperationContract] signature in order to read these two parameters from client and reply with session string.

Thanks!

Answer 1

To get started with WCF, it might be easiest to just use the default SOAP format and HTTP POST (rather than GET) for the web-service bindings. The easiest HTTP binding to get working is "basicHttpBinding". Here is an example of what the ServiceContract/OperationContract might look like for your login service:

[ServiceContract(Namespace="http://mycompany.com/LoginService")] public interface ILoginService {     [OperationContract]     string Login(string username, string password); } 

The implementation of the service could look like this:

public class LoginService : ILoginService {     public string Login(string username, string password)     {         // Do something with username, password to get/create sessionId         // string sessionId = "12345678";         string sessionId = OperationContext.Current.SessionId;          return sessionId;     } } 

You can host this as a windows service using a ServiceHost, or you can host it in IIS like a normal ASP.NET web (service) application. There are a lot of tutorials out there for both of these.

The WCF service config might look like this:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration>       <system.serviceModel>         <behaviors>             <serviceBehaviors>                 <behavior name="LoginServiceBehavior">                     <serviceMetadata />                 </behavior>             </serviceBehaviors>         </behaviors>          <services>             <service name="WcfTest.LoginService"                      behaviorConfiguration="LoginServiceBehavior" >                 <host>                     <baseAddresses>                         <add baseAddress="http://somesite.com:55555/LoginService/" />                     </baseAddresses>                 </host>                 <endpoint name="LoginService"                           address=""                           binding="basicHttpBinding"                           contract="WcfTest.ILoginService" />                  <endpoint name="LoginServiceMex"                           address="mex"                           binding="mexHttpBinding"                           contract="IMetadataExchange" />             </service>         </services>     </system.serviceModel> </configuration> 

(The MEX stuff is optional for production, but is needed for testing with WcfTestClient.exe, and for exposing the service meta-data).

You'll have to modify your Java code to POST a SOAP message to the service. WCF can be a little picky when inter-operating with non-WCF clients, so you'll have to mess with the POST headers a little to get it to work. Once you get this running, you can then start to investigate security for the login (might need to use a different binding to get better security), or possibly using WCF REST to allow for logins with a GET rather than SOAP/POST.

Here is an example of what the HTTP POST should look like from the Java code. There is a tool called "Fiddler" that can be really useful for debugging web-services.

POST /LoginService HTTP/1.1 Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8 SOAPAction: "http://mycompany.com/LoginService/ILoginService/Login" Host: somesite.com:55555 Content-Length: 216 Expect: 100-continue Connection: Keep-Alive  <s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <s:Body> <Login xmlns="http://mycompany.com/LoginService"> <username>Blah</username> <password>Blah2</password> </Login> </s:Body> </s:Envelope> 

Answer 2

You will need something more that a http request to interact with a WCF service UNLESS your WCF service has a REST interface. Either look for a SOAP web service API that runs on android or make your service RESTful. You will need .NET 3.5 SP1 to do WCF REST services:

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/netframework/dd547388.aspx