How to construct an std::array with index sequence?

Question

How can I construct an std::array with an index sequence, or a lambda which depends on a sequential index?

std::iota and std::generate seem relevant, but I'm not sure how to use them to construct an std::array, rather then apply them on one which is already constructed (which isn't possible in case the element type of the array isn't default-constructible).

Example of the kind of code I'd like to DRY:

#include <array>

class C
{
public:
    C(int x, float f) : m_x{x}, m_f{f} {}
private:
    int m_x;
    float m_f;
};

int main()
{
    std::array<int, 10> ar = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
    std::array<C, 3> ar2 = {C{0, 1.0}, C{1, 1.0}, C{2, 1.0}};
    return 0;
}

Answer 1

The next approach should work for you:

template<typename T, std::size_t N, std::size_t... I>
constexpr auto create_array_impl(std::index_sequence<I...>) {
    return std::array<T, N>{ {I...} };
}

template<typename T, std::size_t N>
constexpr auto create_array() {
    return create_array_impl<T, N>(std::make_index_sequence<N>{});
}

You can create an array like:

constexpr auto array = create_array<std::size_t, 4>();

wandbox example

One can modify the aforementioned solution to add a lambda in the next way:

template<typename T, std::size_t N, typename F, std::size_t... I>
constexpr auto create_array_impl(F&& func, std::index_sequence<I...>) {
    return std::array<T, N>{ {func(I)...} };
}

template<typename T, std::size_t N, typename F>
constexpr auto create_array(F&& func) {
    return create_array_impl<T, N>(std::forward<F>(func), std::make_index_sequence<N>{});
}

And then use:

const auto array = create_array<std::size_t, 4>([](auto e) {
    return e * e;
});

wandbox example

Answer 2

For ar, here's an approach:

namespace detail {
  template<typename T, T... Ns>
  constexpr auto make_iota_array(T const offset, std::integer_sequence<T, Ns...>) noexcept
   -> std::array<T, sizeof...(Ns)> {
    return {{(Ns + offset)...}};
  }
}

template<typename T, T N>
constexpr auto make_iota_array(T const offset = {}) noexcept {
  static_assert(N >= T{}, "no negative sizes");
  return detail::make_iota_array<T>(offset, std::make_integer_sequence<T, N>{});
}

// ...

auto ar = make_iota_array<int, 10>(99);

Online Demo

For ar2, here's an approach:

namespace detail {
  template<typename T, typename F, std::size_t... Is>
  constexpr auto generate_array(F& f, std::index_sequence<Is...>)
   -> std::array<T, sizeof...(Is)> {
    return {{f(std::integral_constant<std::size_t, Is>{})...}};
  }
}

template<typename T, std::size_t N, typename F>
constexpr auto generate_array(F f) {
  return detail::generate_array<T>(f, std::make_index_sequence<N>{});
}

// ...

auto ar2 = generate_array<C, 3>([](auto i) -> C { return {i, i * 1.12f}; });

Online Demo

(noexcept is more-or-less optional here IMO, and omitted here for brevity, but is present in the demos.)

N.b. both are fully constexpr, but since generate_array is likely to be used with lambdas it won't be constexpr in practice until C++17 (demo). Also n.b. generate_array will work with non-copyable/non-movable types in C++17 due to guaranteed copy elision (demo).