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A discussion in a recent question, that min/max() need objects to be comparable, made me wonder how do I find which Python types support particular method (__cmp__, or maybe __lt__ - specifics not important).
Pivotal to that seems to be ability to get list of all types, to start with. Then i can simply check hasattr(thisType, '__cmp__'). So how do i enumerate all data types there are?
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Using built-in dir() Function To get the list of all the attributes, methods along with some inherited magic methods of a class, we use a built-in called dir(). Example: Python3.
To get the type of a variable in Python, you can use the built-in type() function. In Python, everything is an object. So, when you use the type() function to print the type of the value stored in a variable to the console, it returns the class type of the object.
In Python, a list is created by placing elements inside square brackets [] , separated by commas. A list can have any number of items and they may be of different types (integer, float, string, etc.). A list can also have another list as an item. This is called a nested list.
Accessing an element from its index is an easier task in Python, just using the [] operator in a Python list does the trick.
>>> try: import __builtin__ as b
... except ImportError: import builtins as b
...
>>> builtin_types= [t
... for t in b.__dict__.values()
... if isinstance(t, type)]
>>> import pprint
>>> pprint.pprint(sorted(builtin_types, key=repr))
[<type 'basestring'>,
<type 'bool'>,
<type 'buffer'>,
<type 'bytearray'>,
<type 'classmethod'>,
<type 'complex'>,
<type 'dict'>,
<type 'enumerate'>,
<type 'exceptions.ArithmeticError'>,
<type 'exceptions.AssertionError'>,
<type 'exceptions.AttributeError'>,
<type 'exceptions.BaseException'>,
<type 'exceptions.BufferError'>,
<type 'exceptions.BytesWarning'>,
<type 'exceptions.DeprecationWarning'>,
<type 'exceptions.EOFError'>,
<type 'exceptions.EnvironmentError'>,
<type 'exceptions.Exception'>,
<type 'exceptions.FloatingPointError'>,
<type 'exceptions.FutureWarning'>,
<type 'exceptions.GeneratorExit'>,
<type 'exceptions.IOError'>,
<type 'exceptions.ImportError'>,
<type 'exceptions.ImportWarning'>,
<type 'exceptions.IndentationError'>,
<type 'exceptions.IndexError'>,
<type 'exceptions.KeyError'>,
<type 'exceptions.KeyboardInterrupt'>,
<type 'exceptions.LookupError'>,
<type 'exceptions.MemoryError'>,
<type 'exceptions.NameError'>,
<type 'exceptions.NotImplementedError'>,
<type 'exceptions.OSError'>,
<type 'exceptions.OverflowError'>,
<type 'exceptions.PendingDeprecationWarning'>,
<type 'exceptions.ReferenceError'>,
<type 'exceptions.RuntimeError'>,
<type 'exceptions.RuntimeWarning'>,
<type 'exceptions.StandardError'>,
<type 'exceptions.StopIteration'>,
<type 'exceptions.SyntaxError'>,
<type 'exceptions.SyntaxWarning'>,
<type 'exceptions.SystemError'>,
<type 'exceptions.SystemExit'>,
<type 'exceptions.TabError'>,
<type 'exceptions.TypeError'>,
<type 'exceptions.UnboundLocalError'>,
<type 'exceptions.UnicodeDecodeError'>,
<type 'exceptions.UnicodeEncodeError'>,
<type 'exceptions.UnicodeError'>,
<type 'exceptions.UnicodeTranslateError'>,
<type 'exceptions.UnicodeWarning'>,
<type 'exceptions.UserWarning'>,
<type 'exceptions.ValueError'>,
<type 'exceptions.Warning'>,
<type 'exceptions.ZeroDivisionError'>,
<type 'file'>,
<type 'float'>,
<type 'frozenset'>,
<type 'int'>,
<type 'list'>,
<type 'long'>,
<type 'object'>,
<type 'property'>,
<type 'reversed'>,
<type 'set'>,
<type 'slice'>,
<type 'staticmethod'>,
<type 'str'>,
<type 'str'>,
<type 'super'>,
<type 'tuple'>,
<type 'type'>,
<type 'unicode'>,
<type 'xrange'>]
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