How do I get characters common to two vectors in C++?

Question

I am trying to compare two vector objects, and return a single vector containing all the chars which appear in both vectors.

How would I go about this without writing some horribly complex manual method which compares every char in the first vector to every char in the second vector and using an if to add it to a third vector (which would be returned) if they match.

Maybe my lack of real experience with vectors is making me imagine this will be harder than it really is, but I suspect there is some simplier way which I have been unable to find through searching.

Answer 1

If I had to do this on two unsorted vectors (without library help), I think I'd add all the elements of one to a hashtable then iterate through the second looking up each--should be more efficient than sorting both lists first as well.

Answer 2

I think you're looking for std::set_intersection. The source vectors have to be sorted though. If you don't care about the order of your output vector, you could always run it on sorted copies of your source vectors.

And BTW, the manual naive way isn't horribly complex. Given two source vectors s1 and s2, and a destination vector dest, you could write something that looks like this:

for (std::vector<char>::iterator i = s1.begin(); i != s1.end(); ++i)
{
    if (std::find(s2.begin(), s2.end(), *i) != s2.end())
    {
        dest.push_back(*i);
    }
}

You have a lot of options for the find step depending on your choice of data structure.