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I'm creating an animated slide transition in Java, and it is choppy on my current model MacBook Pro and on my year-old iMac, on Java 6, 7, and 8.
What can I do to make this animation appear smoother to the user on Mac OS X?
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class ScratchSpace {
public static void main(String[] args) {
AnimatedPanel panel = new AnimatedPanel();
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setContentPane(panel);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
panel.animate();
}
public static class AnimatedPanel extends JPanel {
private float progress = 0.0f; // a number between 0.0 and 1.0
public AnimatedPanel() {
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(800, 600));
setOpaque(true);
}
public void animate() {
final int animationTime = 1000;
int framesPerSecond = 30;
int delay = 1000 / framesPerSecond;
final long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
final Timer timer = new Timer(delay, null);
timer.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
final long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
final long elapsed = now - start;
progress = (float) elapsed / animationTime;
repaint();
if (elapsed >= animationTime) {
timer.stop();
}
}
});
timer.start();
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
int width = getWidth();
int progressWidth = (int) (width * progress);
g2d.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g2d.fillRect(0, 0, progressWidth, getHeight());
g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
g2d.fillRect(progressWidth, 0, width-progressWidth, getHeight());
}
}
}
760
Absolutely yes. Legacy swing applications are still supported and enhanced. There is no alternative for that. And if you are making applications like IDE's, SWING is still preferred.
A lot depends on what it is you ultimately want to achieve.
Remember, animation is the illusion of movement...
I changed
framesPerSecond to 60 which seems to have helped.repaint(Rectangle) passing in only that area which has changed.The other problem is your animation has a large area to cover in a very short period of time. Increasing the amount of time will also make it smoother (or reducing the width and/or height)
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
public class ScratchSpace {
public static void main(String[] args) {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
}
AnimatedPanel panel = new AnimatedPanel();
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setContentPane(panel);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
panel.animate();
}
});
}
public static class AnimatedPanel extends JPanel {
private float progress = 0.0f; // a number between 0.0 and 1.0
public AnimatedPanel() {
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(800, 100));
}
public void animate() {
final int animationTime = 1000;
int framesPerSecond = 60;
int delay = 1000 / framesPerSecond;
final long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
final Timer timer = new Timer(delay, null);
timer.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
final long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
final long elapsed = now - start;
int width = getWidth();
int height = getHeight();
int oldWidth = (int) (width * progress);
progress = (float) elapsed / animationTime;
int newWidth = (int) (width * progress);
repaint(new Rectangle(oldWidth, 0, newWidth - oldWidth, height));
if (elapsed >= animationTime) {
timer.stop();
}
}
});
timer.start();
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
int width = getWidth();
int progressWidth = (int) (width * progress);
g2d.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g2d.fillRect(0, 0, progressWidth, getHeight());
g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
g2d.fillRect(progressWidth, 0, width - progressWidth, getHeight());
}
}
}
Alternativly, you could generate you own backing buffer and update it...
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
public class ScratchSpace {
public static void main(String[] args) {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
}
AnimatedPanel panel = new AnimatedPanel();
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setContentPane(panel);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
panel.animate();
}
});
}
public static class AnimatedPanel extends JPanel {
private float progress = 0.0f; // a number between 0.0 and 1.0
private BufferedImage buffer;
public AnimatedPanel() {
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(800, 600));
// setOpaque(true);
}
public void animate() {
final int animationTime = 1000;
int framesPerSecond = 60;
int delay = 1000 / framesPerSecond;
final long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
final Timer timer = new Timer(delay, null);
timer.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
final long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
final long elapsed = now - start;
int width = getWidth();
progress = (float) elapsed / animationTime;
updateBuffer();
repaint();
if (elapsed >= animationTime) {
timer.stop();
}
}
});
timer.start();
}
@Override
public void invalidate() {
buffer = null;
updateBuffer();
super.invalidate();
}
protected void updateBuffer() {
if (getWidth() > 0 && getHeight() > 0) {
if (buffer == null) {
buffer = new BufferedImage(getWidth(), getHeight(), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
}
Graphics2D g2d = buffer.createGraphics();
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION_QUALITY);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_COLOR_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_COLOR_RENDER_QUALITY);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_DITHERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_DITHER_ENABLE);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_FRACTIONALMETRICS, RenderingHints.VALUE_FRACTIONALMETRICS_ON);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BILINEAR);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_STROKE_CONTROL, RenderingHints.VALUE_STROKE_PURE);
int width = getWidth();
int height = getHeight();
float progressWidth = width * progress;
g2d.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g2d.fill(new Rectangle2D.Float(0, 0, progressWidth, height));
g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
g2d.fill(new Rectangle2D.Float(progressWidth, 0, width - progressWidth, height));
g2d.dispose();
}
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
if (buffer != null) {
g2d.drawImage(buffer, 0, 0, this);
}
// int width = getWidth();
// int progressWidth = (int) (width * progress);
// g2d.setColor(Color.BLUE);
// g2d.fillRect(0, 0, progressWidth, getHeight());
// g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
// g2d.fillRect(progressWidth, 0, width - progressWidth, getHeight());
}
}
}
The major problem you have is basically the area you are trying to paint is to large for the time you want to paint it.
Another Alternatively
You could create a BufferedImage that represents the progress bar and move as the progress updates. This update creates a compatible buffered image, which should make it faster to renderer
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.Transparency;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
public class ScratchSpace {
public static void main(String[] args) {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
}
AnimatedPanel panel = new AnimatedPanel();
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setContentPane(panel);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
panel.animate();
}
});
}
public static class AnimatedPanel extends JPanel {
private float progress = 0.0f; // a number between 0.0 and 1.0
private BufferedImage buffer;
public AnimatedPanel() {
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(800, 600));
// setOpaque(true);
}
public void animate() {
final int animationTime = 1000;
int framesPerSecond = 60;
int delay = 1000 / framesPerSecond;
final long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
final Timer timer = new Timer(delay, null);
timer.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
final long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
final long elapsed = now - start;
progress = (float) elapsed / animationTime;
repaint();
if (elapsed >= animationTime) {
timer.stop();
}
}
});
timer.start();
}
@Override
public void invalidate() {
buffer = null;
updateBuffer();
super.invalidate();
}
protected void updateBuffer() {
if (getWidth() > 0 && getHeight() > 0) {
if (buffer == null) {
GraphicsConfiguration config = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment().getDefaultScreenDevice().getDefaultConfiguration();
buffer = config.createCompatibleImage(getWidth(), getHeight(), Transparency.TRANSLUCENT);
buffer.coerceData(true);
Graphics2D g2d = buffer.createGraphics();
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION_QUALITY);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_COLOR_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_COLOR_RENDER_QUALITY);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_DITHERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_DITHER_ENABLE);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_FRACTIONALMETRICS, RenderingHints.VALUE_FRACTIONALMETRICS_ON);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BILINEAR);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_STROKE_CONTROL, RenderingHints.VALUE_STROKE_PURE);
int width = getWidth();
int height = getHeight();
g2d.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g2d.fill(new Rectangle2D.Float(0, 0, width, height));
g2d.dispose();
}
}
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
int width = getWidth();
int progressWidth = (int) (width * progress);
int x = (progressWidth - width);
System.out.println(progressWidth + "; " + x);
// g2d.setColor(Color.BLUE);
// g2d.fillRect(0, 0, progressWidth, getHeight());
g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
g2d.fillRect(progressWidth, 0, width - progressWidth, getHeight());
g2d.drawImage(buffer, x, 0, this);
}
}
}
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