group by a calculated field in SQL

Question

I have written a query like this

CASE 
              WHEN [col1] = 's' THEN '1'
              WHEN [col1] = 't' THEN '2' 
              WHEN [col1] = 'u' THEN '3' 
              WHEN [col2] = 'v' THEN '4'
.......
END AS product,
SUM(col3)
FROM dbo.TableA

I want group by on product? How to do that?