Given two "if" statements, execute some code if none of them is executed

Question

hey i don't know how to programm this constellation :

string = " "
if "abc" in string:
    print ("abc is in string")
if "def" in string:
    print ("def is in string")
else:
    print ("abc and def are not contained in string")

It should go to "else" only if the 2 conditions aren't true. But if both substrings are contained in string; it should print both.

Answer 1

You could simply define a boolean for each of your condition It keeps the code simple

abc = "abc" in string
def_ = "def" in string
if abc : 
    print("abc in string")
if def_ : 
    print("def in string")
if not (abc or def_) : 
    print("neither abc nor def are in this string")

Answer 2

Another option is to use a variable that is true only if a condition is satisfied before. This variable (let us call it found) will be false by default:

found = False

However, in each of the if statements, we set it to True:

if "abc" in string:
    print ("abc is in string")
    found = True

if "def" in string:
    print ("def is in string")
    found = True

Now we only have to check the variable. If any of the conditions where met, it will be true:

if not found:
    print ("abc and def are not contained in string")

That is only one of the options to solve this, but I have seen this pattern used many times. Of course, you can choose other approach if you feel it would be better.