What is difference between GEOMETRY and GEOGRAPHY in SQL Server 2008?
Geometry : Stores data based on a flat (Euclidean) coordinate system. The data type is often used to store the X and Y coordinates that represent lines, points, and polygons in two-dimensional spaces. Geography : Stores data based on a round-earth coordinate system.
Geometry, where it assumes all of your data lives on a Cartesian plane (like a map projection); Geography, where it assumes that your data is made up of points on the earth's surface, as specified by latitudes and longitudes.
The geography spatial data type, geography, is implemented as a . NET common language runtime (CLR) data type in SQL Server. This type represents data in a round-earth coordinate system. The SQL Server geography data type stores ellipsoidal (round-earth) data, such as GPS latitude and longitude coordinates.
SQL Server supports two spatial data types: the geometry data type and the geography data type. The geometry type represents data in a Euclidean (flat) coordinate system. The geography type represents data in a round-earth coordinate system.
GEOMETRY
is for planar spatial data (that is, data on a flat surface)
GEOGRAPHY
is for terrestrial spatial data (that is, data on the (curved) surface of the Earth)
See eg here, here for more.
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