I want to be able to write XML to a String with the declaration and with UTF-8 encoding. This seems mighty tricky to accomplish.
I have read around a bit and tried some of the popular answers for this but the they all have issues. My current code correctly outputs as UTF-8 but does not maintain the original formatting of the XDocument (i.e. indents / whitespace)!
Can anyone offer some advice please?
XDocument xml = new XDocument(new XDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", "yes"), xelementXML); MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); using (XmlWriter xw = new XmlTextWriter(ms, Encoding.UTF8)) { xml.Save(xw); xw.Flush(); StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(ms); ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin); String xmlString = sr.ReadToEnd(); }
The XML requires the formatting to be identical to the way .ToString()
would format it i.e.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?> <root> <node>blah</node> </root>
What I'm currently seeing is
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><root><node>blah</node></root>
Update I have managed to get this to work by adding XmlTextWriter
settings... It seems VERY clunky though!
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings(); settings.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8; settings.ConformanceLevel = ConformanceLevel.Document; settings.Indent = true; using (XmlWriter xw = XmlTextWriter.Create(ms, settings)) { xml.Save(xw); xw.Flush(); StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(ms); ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin); String blah = sr.ReadToEnd(); }
There is no difference between "utf8" and "utf-8"; they are simply two names for UTF8, the most common Unicode encoding.
UTF-8 is a Unicode encoding that represents each code point as a sequence of one to four bytes. Unlike the UTF-16 and UTF-32 encodings, the UTF-8 encoding does not require "endianness"; the encoding scheme is the same regardless of whether the processor is big-endian or little-endian.
Try this:
using System; using System.IO; using System.Text; using System.Xml.Linq; class Test { static void Main() { XDocument doc = XDocument.Load("test.xml", LoadOptions.PreserveWhitespace); doc.Declaration = new XDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", null); StringWriter writer = new Utf8StringWriter(); doc.Save(writer, SaveOptions.None); Console.WriteLine(writer); } private class Utf8StringWriter : StringWriter { public override Encoding Encoding { get { return Encoding.UTF8; } } } }
Of course, you haven't shown us how you're building the document, which makes it hard to test... I've just tried with a hand-constructed XDocument
and that contains the relevant whitespace too.
Try XmlWriterSettings:
XmlWriterSettings xws = new XmlWriterSettings(); xws.OmitXmlDeclaration = false; xws.Indent = true;
And pass it on like
using (XmlWriter xw = XmlWriter.Create(sb, xws))
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