Find common prefix of strings

Question

I am having 4 strings:

"h:/a/b/c"
"h:/a/b/d"
"h:/a/b/e"
"h:/a/c"

I want to find the common prefix for those strings, i.e. "h:/a". How to find that?

Usually I'd split the string with delimiter '/' and put it in another list, and so on.
Is there any better way to do it?

Answer 1

string[] xs = new[] { "h:/a/b/c", "h:/a/b/d", "h:/a/b/e", "h:/a/c" };

string x = string.Join("/", xs.Select(s => s.Split('/').AsEnumerable())
                              .Transpose()
                              .TakeWhile(s => s.All(d => d == s.First()))
                              .Select(s => s.First()));

with

public static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> Transpose<T>(
    this IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> source)
{
    var enumerators = source.Select(e => e.GetEnumerator()).ToArray();
    try
    {
        while (enumerators.All(e => e.MoveNext()))
        {
            yield return enumerators.Select(e => e.Current).ToArray();
        }
    }
    finally
    {
        Array.ForEach(enumerators, e => e.Dispose());
    }
}

Answer 2

A short LINQy solution of mine.

var samples = new[] { "h:/a/b/c", "h:/a/b/d", "h:/a/b/e", "h:/a/e" };

var commonPrefix = new string(
    samples.First().Substring(0, samples.Min(s => s.Length))
    .TakeWhile((c, i) => samples.All(s => s[i] == c)).ToArray());

Answer 3

Just loop round the characters of the shortest string and compare each character to the character in the same position in the other strings. Whilst they all match keep going. As soon as one doesn't match then the string up to the current position -1 is the answer.

Something like (pseudo code)

int count=0;
foreach(char c in shortestString)
{
    foreach(string s in otherStrings)
    {
        if (s[count]!=c)
        {
             return shortestString.SubString(0,count-1); //need to check count is not 0 
        }
    }
    count+=1;
 }
 return shortestString;

Answer 4

Working code based on Sam Holder's solution (note it gives h:/a/ not h:/a as the longest common initial substring in the question):

using System;

namespace CommonPrefix
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(CommonPrefix(new[] { "h:/a/b/c", "h:/a/b/d", "h:/a/b/e", "h:/a/c" })); // "h:/a/"
            Console.WriteLine(CommonPrefix(new[] { "abc", "abc" })); // "abc"
            Console.WriteLine(CommonPrefix(new[] { "abc" })); // "abc"
            Console.WriteLine(CommonPrefix(new string[] { })); // ""
            Console.WriteLine(CommonPrefix(new[] { "a", "abc" })); // "a"
            Console.WriteLine(CommonPrefix(new[] { "abc", "a" })); // "a"

            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        private static string CommonPrefix(string[] ss)
        {
            if (ss.Length == 0)
            {
                return "";
            }

            if (ss.Length == 1)
            {
                return ss[0];
            }

            int prefixLength = 0;

            foreach (char c in ss[0])
            {
                foreach (string s in ss)
                {
                    if (s.Length <= prefixLength || s[prefixLength] != c)
                    {
                        return ss[0].Substring(0, prefixLength);
                    }
                }
                prefixLength++;
            }

            return ss[0]; // all strings identical up to length of ss[0]
        }
    }
}

Answer 5

This is the longest common substring problem (although it's a slightly specialized case since you appear to only care about the prefix). There's no library implementation of the algorithm in the .NET platform that you can call directly, but the article linked here is chock-full of steps on how you'd do it yourself.