Easy way find uninitialized member variables

Question

I am looking for an easy way to find uninitialized class member variables.

Finding them in either runtime or compile time is OK.

Currently I have a breakpoint in the class constructor and examine the member variables one by one.

Answer 1

If you use GCC you can use the -Weffc++ flag, which generates a warnings when a variable isn't initialized in the member initialisation list. This:

class Foo {   int v;   Foo() {} }; 

Leads to:

$ g++ -c -Weffc++ foo.cpp -o foo.o foo.cpp: In constructor ‘Foo::Foo()’: foo.cpp:4: warning: ‘Foo::v’ should be initialized in the member initialization list 

One downside is that -Weffc++ will also warn you when a variable has a proper default constructor and initialisation thus wouldn't be necessary. It will also warn you when you initialize a variable in the constructor, but not in the member initialisation list. And it warns on many other C++ style issues, such as missing copy-constructors, so you might need to clean up your code a bit when you want to use -Weffc++ on a regular basis.

There is also a bug that causes it to always give you a warning when using anonymous unions, which you currently can't work around other then switching off the warning, which can be done with:

#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Weffc++" 

Overall however I have found -Weffc++ to be incredible useful in catching lots of common C++ mistakes.

Answer 2

cppcheck will find this, e.g.:

cppcheck my_src_dir --output-file=check.txt --inconclusive --enable=warning