FOREWORD: This question is in regards to essential manpages that have seemingly disappeared from the internet. This is not a request to recommend or find a book, tool, software library, tutorial or other off-site resource.
Apple has either removed all manual pages or I simply can't find them at their new location (specifically macOS
) — it's as if they've just conveniently wiped them from existence.
↳ Mac OS X Manual Pages - Apple Developer
// The page you’re looking for can’t be found.
Where have they gone? In Terminal it's possible via man
, although I'm looking for online.
A set of manual pages for iOS seems to be live still: https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/System/Conceptual/ManPages_iPhoneOS/
A third-party site also hosts MacOS 10.14 Mojave manpages: https://www.unix.com/man-page-mojave-repository.php
Also, the nroff markup (basically the source code of manual pages) is still available in public Git repositories that mirror the source code of Darwin.
Here are some of them: https://github.com/apple/darwin-xnu/tree/master/bsd/man
GitHub doesn't render a preview of manual pages like it does for Markdown, AsciiDoc and some other markup formats. But those files can be easily rendered with a command like nroff -man dup.2
or with the newer mandoc (available from Homebrew as brew install mandoc
). These resources could hopefully be combined to make a public web site with some reasonably recent set of manual pages.
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