cvc-complex-type.2.4.a: Invalid content was found starting with element 'init-param'

Question

This is my web.xml xsd

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    version="3.0">

Here is servlet node

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>spring1</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    <init-param> <!-- here is a problem -->
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
</servlet>

On the marked line xml validator says

cvc-complex-type.2.4.a: Invalid content was found starting with element 'init-param'. One of '{"http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee":enabled, "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee":async-supported, "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee":run-as, "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee":security-role-ref, "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee":multipart-config}' is expected.

What is wrong and how do I correct this error?

Answer 1

The order of elements in web.xml matters and in all examples I've come across, the <load-on-startup> comes after <init-param>.

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>spring1</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

Answer 2

It's pedantic, but <init-param> has to come before <load-on-startup>, so:

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>spring1</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param><!--here is a problem-->
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>