How are GUIs like this made, but in console applications?
There are many examples, such as alsamixer:
A console application is a computer program designed to be used via a text-only computer interface, such as a text terminal, the command-line interface of some operating systems (Unix, DOS, etc.) or the text-based interface included with most graphical user interface (GUI) operating systems, such as the Windows Console ...
The sole difference is that a console application always spawns a console if it isn't started from one (or the console is actively suppressed on startup). A windows application, on the other hand, does not spawn a console. It can still attach to an existant console or create a new one using AllocConsole .
Console programs are generally monochromatic and don't animate much. Many modern GUI frameworks provide themed widgets and have move/size/show/hide animation effects, often for free. Graphics. Console apps sometimes use ASCII art for diagrams, but a GUI app gives you full graphical ability.
Creating a console application is more straightforward than building an application that has a rich user interface. You do not need to know or use any user interface languages, tools or frameworks. You can implement a console application using simple C# programming.
The Curses library can be used to create such user interfaces. Here's an introduction to NCurses - the most well-known Curses implementation.
Most console platforms have functions like goto(x, y) to position a cursor somewhere on the screen.
This can be used to "paint" the screen with whatever ascii characters / colors that you want.
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