com.android.tools.r8.errors.a: MethodHandle.invoke and MethodHandle.invokeExact are only supported starting with Android O

Question

I'm developping android native applications and i have for them a library project containing all the common tools for these applications. I was importing my library with jfrog artifactory and it was working well ; now i want to use git and sub-module to have my library inside my project as a module to be able to work both on app and library at the same time. But now (in my projects containing two modules (app and library)), the build fails... I've tried a lot of things before to ask help here ... I think the problem comes from duplicated dependencies between the two modules because without the library submodule build is OK.

Here is the beginning of the stack trace :

C:\Users\sri\.gradle\caches\transforms-2\files-2.1\841047937c984e1ac263db2768d03619\jetified-objenesis-3.0.1.jar: D8: MethodHandle.invoke and MethodHandle.invokeExact are only supported starting with Android O (--min-api 26)
Stack trace:
com.android.tools.r8.errors.a: MethodHandle.invoke and MethodHandle.invokeExact are only supported starting with Android O (--min-api 26)
        at com.android.tools.r8.errors.a.a(:7)
...........
//end 
* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:dexBuilderDebug'.
> There was a failure while executing work items
   > A failure occurred while executing com.android.build.gradle.internal.dexing.DexWorkAction
      > Failed to process: C:\Users\sri\.gradle\caches\transforms-2\files-2.1\841047937c984e1ac263db2768d03619\jetified-objenesis-3.0.1.jar

1. Application build.gradle files

top-level :

buildscript {
    ext.versions = [
            'kotlin'            : '1.4.0',
            'powermock'         : '2.0.7',
            'constraintLayout'  : '2.0.0',
            'butterknife'       : '10.2.3',
            'jsonwebtoken'      : '0.10.7',
            'retrofit'          : '2.9.0',
            'supportLibrary'    : '1.1.0',
            'module'            : '3.5.10',
            'okhttp'            : '4.8.1',
            'mockito'           : '3.3.3',
            'lifecycleVersion'  : '2.2.0',
            'junit'             : '4.13',
            'eventBus'          : '3.2.0',
            'picasso'           : '2.71828',
            'swipeRefreshLayout': '1.1.0',
            'cardView'          : '1.0.0',
            'viewPager'         : '1.0.0',
            'material'          : '1.3.0-alpha02',
            'rxjava'            : '3.0.4',
            'rxandroid'         : '3.0.0',
            'spoon'             : '1.7.1'
    ]
    repositories {
        jcenter()
        google()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.0.1'
        classpath "io.realm:realm-gradle-plugin:7.0.1"
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:${versions.kotlin}"
        classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.3.3'
        classpath 'com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.2.0'
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        jcenter()
        google()
    }
}

task clean(type: Delete) {
    delete rootProject.buildDir
}

app-level :

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-kapt'
apply plugin: 'realm-android'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android-extensions'
apply plugin: 'com.google.firebase.crashlytics'

//.. signing removed ... //

android {
    signingConfigs {
        //........
    }
    compileSdkVersion 29
    buildToolsVersion "29.0.2"
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com......."
        minSdkVersion 21
        targetSdkVersion 29
        versionCode 42
        versionName versionProperties['versionName']
        vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true
        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
        ndk.abiFilters 'arm64-v8a', 'armeabi-v7a', 'x86', 'x86_64'

    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
            signingConfig signingConfigs.release
        }
        debug {
            applicationIdSuffix ".debug"
            versionNameSuffix '-debug'
        }
    }
    lintOptions {
        abortOnError false
    }
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }
    buildFeatures {
        viewBinding true
        dataBinding true
    }
    configurations {
        all*.exclude group: 'xmlpull', module: 'xmlpull'
        all*.exclude group: 'xpp3', module: 'xpp3_min'
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
    androidTestImplementation('androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.3.0-rc03', {
        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
    })
    implementation project(':mob-android-qualiacmodule:qualiac-module')
    implementation "androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.2.0"
    implementation "com.google.android.material:material:${versions.material}"
    implementation "androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:${versions.constraintLayout}"
    implementation "androidx.swiperefreshlayout:swiperefreshlayout:${versions.swipeRefreshLayout}"
    implementation "androidx.cardview:cardview:${versions.cardView}"
    implementation 'androidx.annotation:annotation:1.1.0'
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.5.0'
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.2.1'
    implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-maps:17.0.0'

    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.1.0'
    implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-vision-image-label:18.0.5'
    implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-vision-common:19.1.1'
    implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-vision:20.1.1'

    kapt "com.jakewharton:butterknife-compiler:${versions.butterknife}"
    implementation "com.jakewharton:butterknife:${versions.butterknife}"
    implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:${versions.retrofit}"
    implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:${versions.retrofit}"
    implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:adapter-rxjava2:${versions.retrofit}"
    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:${versions.kotlin}"
    implementation "com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:${versions.okhttp}"
    implementation "com.squareup.okhttp3:mockwebserver:${versions.okhttp}"
    implementation "com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:${versions.okhttp}"
    implementation "org.greenrobot:eventbus:${versions.eventBus}"
    implementation "io.reactivex.rxjava3:rxjava:${versions.rxjava}"
    implementation "io.reactivex.rxjava3:rxandroid:${versions.rxandroid}"

    implementation "com.squareup.picasso:picasso:${versions.picasso}"
    implementation 'com.jakewharton.timber:timber:4.7.1'
    implementation "androidx.core:core-ktx:1.3.1"
    implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:extensions:1.1.1"
    api 'com.google.guava:guava:29.0-jre'
    implementation "androidx.viewpager2:viewpager2:${versions.viewPager}"
    implementation 'androidx.navigation:navigation-fragment-ktx:2.3.0'
    implementation 'androidx.navigation:navigation-ui-ktx:2.3.0'
    // ViewModel
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:${versions.lifecycleVersion}"
    // LiveData
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:${versions.lifecycleVersion}"
    // alternately - if using Java8, use the following instead of lifecycle-compiler
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:${versions.lifecycleVersion}"

    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.13'

    androidTestImplementation "com.squareup.spoon:spoon-client:${versions.spoon}"
    androidTestImplementation 'junit:junit:4.13'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.3.0-rc03'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.2.0'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:rules:1.2.0'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:3.3.0-rc03'
}

kapt {
    generateStubs = true
}

android.applicationVariants.all { variant ->
    variant.outputs.all {
        def appName = "jobs"
        outputFileName = variant.name == "debug" ? "app-debug.apk" : "${appName}-${variant.name}-${variant.versionName}.apk"
    }
}

apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'

2. Library build.gradle files

//top level

buildscript {
    ext.versions = [
            'kotlin'            : '1.3.72',
            ......
    ]
    repositories {
        jcenter()
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath "io.realm:realm-gradle-plugin:7.0.1"
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.0.1'
        // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
        // in the individual module build.gradle files
        classpath 'com.android.support:support-v4:28.0.0'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:${versions.kotlin}"
        classpath "org.jfrog.buildinfo:build-info-extractor-gradle:4.15.2"

    }
}
allprojects {

    repositories {
        jcenter()
        google()
        mavenCentral()
        maven {
            url 'https://maven.fabric.io/public'
        }
    }
}

task clean(type: Delete) {
    delete rootProject.buildDir
}

//library level

apply plugin: 'com.android.library'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-kapt'
apply plugin: 'realm-android'
apply plugin: 'com.jfrog.artifactory'
apply plugin: 'maven-publish'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android-extensions'

def libraryVersion = '3.5.10'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 29
    buildToolsVersion "29.0.2"
    defaultConfig {
        minSdkVersion 21
        targetSdkVersion 29
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true
        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
        multiDexEnabled true
        ndk.abiFilters 'arm64-v8a', 'armeabi-v7a', 'x86', 'x86_64'
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }

    lintOptions {
        abortOnError false
    }
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }
    kotlinOptions {
        jvmTarget = "1.8"
    }
    viewBinding {
        enabled = true
    }
    dataBinding {
        enabled = true
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
    androidTestImplementation('androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.3.0-rc03', {
        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
    })
    implementation "androidx.appcompat:appcompat:${versions.supportLibrary}"
    implementation "com.google.android.material:material:${versions.material}"
    implementation "androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:${versions.constraintLayout}"
    implementation "androidx.swiperefreshlayout:swiperefreshlayout:${versions.swipeRefreshLayout}"

    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.3'
    implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-vision-image-label:18.0.5'
    implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-vision-common:19.1.1'
    implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-vision:20.1.1'

    implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-maps:17.0.0'
    implementation "androidx.cardview:cardview:${versions.cardView}"
    api 'com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.4.4'
    implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:${versions.retrofit}"
    implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:${versions.retrofit}"
    implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:adapter-rxjava2:${versions.retrofit}"
    implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit-mock:${versions.retrofit}"
    implementation "org.greenrobot:eventbus:${versions.eventBus}"
    api "com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:${versions.okhttp}"
    implementation "com.squareup.okhttp3:mockwebserver:${versions.okhttp}"
    implementation "com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:${versions.okhttp}"
    api "io.jsonwebtoken:jjwt-api:${versions.jsonwebtoken}"
    runtimeOnly "io.jsonwebtoken:jjwt-impl:${versions.jsonwebtoken}"
    runtimeOnly("io.jsonwebtoken:jjwt-orgjson:${versions.jsonwebtoken}") {
        exclude group: 'org.json', module: 'json'
    }
    implementation "com.squareup.picasso:picasso:${versions.picasso}"
    implementation "io.reactivex.rxjava3:rxjava:${versions.rxjava}"
    implementation "io.reactivex.rxjava3:rxandroid:${versions.rxandroid}"
    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:${versions.kotlin}"
    implementation "androidx.core:core-ktx:1.3.1"

    testImplementation "junit:junit:${versions.junit}"
    implementation "org.powermock:powermock-module-junit4:${versions.powermock}"
    implementation "org.powermock:powermock-module-junit4-rule:${versions.powermock}"
    implementation "org.powermock:powermock-api-mockito2:${versions.powermock}"
    implementation "org.powermock:powermock-classloading-xstream:${versions.powermock}"
    testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-core:3.4.6'

    implementation 'androidx.test:core:1.2.0'
    implementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'
    implementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.2.0'
    implementation 'androidx.test:rules:1.2.0'
    implementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:${versions.espresso}"
    implementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:${versions.espresso}"
    implementation "com.squareup.spoon:spoon-client:${versions.spoon}"
    implementation "androidx.viewpager2:viewpager2:${versions.viewPager}"
    // ViewModel
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:${versions.lifecycleVersion}"
    // LiveData
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:${versions.lifecycleVersion}"
    // alternately - if using Java8, use the following instead of lifecycle-compiler
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:${versions.lifecycleVersion}"

    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:core:1.2.0'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.2.0'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:rules:1.2.0'
    androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:${versions.espresso}"

    api 'com.google.guava:guava:29.0-jre'
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:${versions.lifecycleVersion}"

}

Answer 1

This error can happen if you use mockk.

If so, replace :

androidTestImplementation group: 'io.mockk', name: 'mockk', version: mockk_version

by :

androidTestImplementation group: 'io.mockk', name: 'mockk-android', version: mockk_version

See https://github.com/mockk/mockk/issues/281#issuecomment-642176970

Answer 2

my solution is to add the following lines at the end of build.gradle

allprojects {
    configurations.all {
        resolutionStrategy.force 'org.objenesis:objenesis:2.6'
    }
}

thanks to https://github.com/mockito/mockito/issues/2007