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Check whether a string is not null and not empty

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How do you check if a string is not null or empty in Java?

isEmpty(String) , which checks if a string is an empty string or null. It also provides the StringUtils. isBlank(String) method, which also checks for whitespace. That's all about determining whether a String is empty or null in Java.

Is null vs isEmpty?

The main difference between null and empty is that the null is used to refer to nothing while empty is used to refer to a unique string with zero length.

Does isEmpty check for empty string?

isEmpty(<string>)Checks if the <string> value is an empty string containing no characters or whitespace. Returns true if the string is null or empty.

Is Blank vs isEmpty?

isBlank() vs isEmpty() The difference between both methods is that isEmpty() method returns true if, and only if, string length is 0. isBlank() method only checks for non-whitespace characters. It does not check the string length.


What about isEmpty() ?

if(str != null && !str.isEmpty())

Be sure to use the parts of && in this order, because java will not proceed to evaluate the second part if the first part of && fails, thus ensuring you will not get a null pointer exception from str.isEmpty() if str is null.

Beware, it's only available since Java SE 1.6. You have to check str.length() == 0 on previous versions.


To ignore whitespace as well:

if(str != null && !str.trim().isEmpty())

(since Java 11 str.trim().isEmpty() can be reduced to str.isBlank() which will also test for other Unicode white spaces)

Wrapped in a handy function:

public static boolean empty( final String s ) {
  // Null-safe, short-circuit evaluation.
  return s == null || s.trim().isEmpty();
}

Becomes:

if( !empty( str ) )

Use org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils

I like to use Apache commons-lang for these kinds of things, and especially the StringUtils utility class:

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;

if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(str)) {
    ...
} 

if (StringUtils.isBlank(str)) {
    ...
} 

Just adding Android in here:

import android.text.TextUtils;

if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(str)) {
...
}

To add to @BJorn and @SeanPatrickFloyd The Guava way to do this is:

Strings.nullToEmpty(str).isEmpty(); 
// or
Strings.isNullOrEmpty(str);

Commons Lang is more readable at times but I have been slowly relying more on Guava plus sometimes Commons Lang is confusing when it comes to isBlank() (as in what is whitespace or not).

Guava's version of Commons Lang isBlank would be:

Strings.nullToEmpty(str).trim().isEmpty()

I will say code that doesn't allow "" (empty) AND null is suspicious and potentially buggy in that it probably doesn't handle all cases where is not allowing null makes sense (although for SQL I can understand as SQL/HQL is weird about '').