Check if the key exists or not in JSON Note: We used json. loads() method to convert JSON encoded data into a Python dictionary. After turning JSON data into a dictionary, we can check if a key exists or not.
Use below code to find key is exist or not in JsonObject . has("key") method is used to find keys in JsonObject . If you are using optString("key") method to get String value then don't worry about keys are existing or not in the JsonObject . Note that you can check only root keys with has(). Get values with get().
has() method – Class JsonObject. This is the convenience method that can be used to check of a property/member with the specified key is present in the JsonObject or not. This method returns true if the member with specified key exists, otherwise it returns false.
import json
jsonData = """{"from": {"id": "8", "name": "Mary Pinter"}, "message": "How ARE you?", "comments": {"count": 0}, "updated_time": "2012-05-01", "created_time": "2012-05-01", "to": {"data": [{"id": "1543", "name": "Honey Pinter"}]}, "type": "status", "id": "id_7"}"""
def getTargetIds(jsonData):
data = json.loads(jsonData)
if 'to' not in data:
raise ValueError("No target in given data")
if 'data' not in data['to']:
raise ValueError("No data for target")
for dest in data['to']['data']:
if 'id' not in dest:
continue
targetId = dest['id']
print("to_id:", targetId)
Output:
In [9]: getTargetIds(s)
to_id: 1543
If all you want is to check if key exists or not
h = {'a': 1}
'b' in h # returns False
If you want to check if there is a value for key
h.get('b') # returns None
Return a default value if actual value is missing
h.get('b', 'Default value')
It is a good practice to create helper utility methods for things like that so that whenever you need to change the logic of attribute validation it would be in one place, and the code will be more readable for the followers.
For example create a helper method (or class JsonUtils
with static methods) in json_utils.py
:
def get_attribute(data, attribute, default_value):
return data.get(attribute) or default_value
and then use it in your project:
from json_utils import get_attribute
def my_cool_iteration_func(data):
data_to = get_attribute(data, 'to', None)
if not data_to:
return
data_to_data = get_attribute(data_to, 'data', [])
for item in data_to_data:
print('The id is: %s' % get_attribute(item, 'id', 'null'))
IMPORTANT NOTE:
There is a reason I am using data.get(attribute) or default_value
instead of simply data.get(attribute, default_value)
:
{'my_key': None}.get('my_key', 'nothing') # returns None
{'my_key': None}.get('my_key') or 'nothing' # returns 'nothing'
In my applications getting attribute with value 'null' is the same as not getting the attribute at all. If your usage is different, you need to change this.
if "my_data" in my_json_data:
print json.dumps(my_json_data["my_data"])
I wrote a tiny function for this purpose. Feel free to repurpose,
def is_json_key_present(json, key):
try:
buf = json[key]
except KeyError:
return False
return True
jsonData = """{"from": {"id": "8", "name": "Mary Pinter"}, "message": "How ARE you?", "comments": {"count": 0}, "updated_time": "2012-05-01", "created_time": "2012-05-01", "to": {"data": [{"id": "1543", "name": "Honey Pinter"}, {"name": "Joe Schmoe"}]}, "type": "status", "id": "id_7"}"""
def getTargetIds(jsonData):
data = json.loads(jsonData)
for dest in data['to']['data']:
print("to_id:", dest.get('id', 'null'))
Try it:
>>> getTargetIds(jsonData)
to_id: 1543
to_id: null
Or, if you just want to skip over values missing ids instead of printing 'null'
:
def getTargetIds(jsonData):
data = json.loads(jsonData)
for dest in data['to']['data']:
if 'id' in to_id:
print("to_id:", dest['id'])
So:
>>> getTargetIds(jsonData)
to_id: 1543
Of course in real life, you probably don't want to print
each id, but to store them and do something with them, but that's another issue.
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