Calculating subtotals in R

Question

I have a data frame with 900,000 rows and 11 columns in R. The column names and types are as follows:

column name: date / mcode / mname / ycode / yname / yissue  / bsent   / breturn / tsent   / treturn / csales
type:        Date / Char  / Char  / Char  / Char  / Numeric / Numeric / Numeric / Numeric / Numeric / Numeric

I want to calculate the subtotals. For example, I want to calculate the sums at each change in yname, and add subtotal to all numerical variables. There are 160 distinct ynames, so the resulting table should tell me the subtotal of each yname. I haven't sorted the data yet, but this is not a problem because I can sort the data in whatever way I want. Below is a snippet from my data:

             date     mcode mname            ycode    yname   yissue bsent breturn tsent treturn csales
417572 2010-07-28     45740 ENDPOINT A        5772    XMAG  20100800     7       0     7       0      0
417573 2010-07-31     45740 ENDPOINT A        5772    XMAG  20100800     0       0     0       0      1
417574 2010-08-04     45740 ENDPOINT A        5772    XMAG  20100800     0       0     0       0      1
417575 2010-08-14     45740 ENDPOINT A        5772    XMAG  20100800     0       0     0       0      1
417576 2010-08-26     45740 ENDPOINT A        5772    XMAG  20100800     0       4     0       0      0
417577 2010-07-28     45741 ENDPOINT L        5772    XMAG  20100800     2       0     2       0      0
417578 2010-08-04     45741 ENDPOINT L        5772    XMAG  20100800     2       0     2       0      0
417579 2010-08-26     45741 ENDPOINT L        5772    XMAG  20100800     0       4     0       0      0
417580 2010-07-28     46390 ENDPOINT R        5772    XMAG  20100800     3       0     3       0      1
417581 2010-07-29     46390 ENDPOINT R        5772    XMAG  20100800     0       0     0       0      2
417582 2010-08-01     46390 ENDPOINT R        5779    YMAG  20100800     3       0     3       0      0
417583 2010-08-11     46390 ENDPOINT R        5779    YMAG  20100800     0       0     0       0      1
417584 2010-08-20     46390 ENDPOINT R        5779    YMAG  20100800     0       0     0       0      1
417585 2010-08-24     46390 ENDPOINT R        5779    YMAG  20100800     2       0     2       0      1
417586 2010-08-26     46390 ENDPOINT R        5779    YMAG  20100800     0       2     0       2      0
417587 2010-07-28     46411 ENDPOINT D        5779    YMAG  20100800     6       0     6       0      0
417588 2010-08-08     46411 ENDPOINT D        5779    YMAG  20100800     0       0     0       0      1
417589 2010-08-11     46411 ENDPOINT D        5779    YMAG  20100800     0       0     0       0      1
417590 2010-08-26     46411 ENDPOINT D        5779    YMAG  20100800     0       4     0       4      0

What function should I use here? Maybe something like SQL group by?

Answer 1

OK. Assuming your data are in a data frame named foo:

> head(foo)
             date mcode      mname ycode yname   yissue bsent breturn tsent
417572 2010/07/28 45740 ENDPOINT A  5772  XMAG 20100800     7       0     7
417573 2010/07/31 45740 ENDPOINT A  5772  XMAG 20100800     0       0     0
417574 2010/08/04 45740 ENDPOINT A  5772  XMAG 20100800     0       0     0
417575 2010/08/14 45740 ENDPOINT A  5772  XMAG 20100800     0       0     0
417576 2010/08/26 45740 ENDPOINT A  5772  XMAG 20100800     0       4     0
417577 2010/07/28 45741 ENDPOINT L  5772  XMAG 20100800     2       0     2
       treturn csales
417572       0      0
417573       0      1
417574       0      1
417575       0      1
417576       0      0
417577       0      0

Then this will do the aggregation of the numeric columns in your data:

> aggregate(cbind(bsent, breturn, tsent, treturn, csales) ~ yname, data = foo, 
+           FUN = sum)
  yname bsent breturn tsent treturn csales
1  XMAG    14       8    14       0      6
2  YMAG    11       6    11       6      5

That was using the snippet of data you included in your Q. I used the formula interface to aggregate(), which is a bit nicer in this instance because you don't need all the foo$ bits on the variable names you wish the aggregate. If you have missing data (NA)in your full data set, then you'll need add an extra argument na.rm = TRUE which will get passed to sum(), like so:

> aggregate(cbind(bsent, breturn, tsent, treturn, csales) ~ yname, data = foo, 
+           FUN = sum, na.rm = TRUE)

Answer 2

Or the plyr library, which is easily extensible to other data classes:

> library(plyr)
> result.2 <- ddply(df$a, .(df$b), sum)
> result.2
  df.b V1
1 down 30
2   up 25

Answer 3

You can also use xtabs or tapply:

xtabs(cbind(bsent, breturn, tsent, treturn, csales) ~ yname, data)

tapply(data$bsent, data$yname, sum)