"borrowed value does not live long enough" when using as_slice()

Question

I ran into an error:

extern crate rustc_serialize; // 0.3.24

use rustc_serialize::base64::{self, FromBase64, ToBase64};

fn main() {
    let a: [u8; 30] = [0; 30];
    let b = a.from_base64().unwrap().as_slice();
    println!("{:?}", b);
}

The error:

error[E0597]: borrowed value does not live long enough
 --> src/main.rs:7:13
  |
7 |     let b = a.from_base64().unwrap().as_slice();
  |             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^           - temporary value dropped here while still borrowed
  |             |
  |             temporary value does not live long enough
8 |     println!("{:?}", b);
9 | }
  | - temporary value needs to live until here
  |
  = note: consider using a `let` binding to increase its lifetime

For me, the code can do no wrong, though. Why am I having that error?

Answer 1

The problem here is that you are not storing the result of from_base64 anywhere and then take a reference to it by calling as_slice. Chaining calls like that causes the result of from_base64 to go out of scope at the end of the line and the reference taken is no longer valid.

extern crate rustc_serialize; // 0.3.24

use rustc_serialize::base64::FromBase64;

fn main() {
    let a: [u8; 30] = [0; 30];
    let b = a.from_base64().unwrap();
    println!("{:?}", b.as_slice());
}