Android Bluetooth Pairing without User Enter Pin and Confirmation Using Android API

Question

I'm a beginner in Android programming since I only started 3 months ago. I'm doing a project which connects the android app to arduino using bluetooth. I already have a code for the android app (bluetooth.adapter,sockets,.etc.). The code for connection is already working. One of the goal is for the android app to automatically input the password when pairing with the bluetooth device without asking user to input the PIN.

The old posts on this forum do not help much. (many suggested using insecure mode, but I do need secure mode, also in my case, the arduino is the server while cellphone app is the client, so the createInsecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord() server method does not work for me)

I searched and found this in android developer site about bluetoothdevice class:

setPairingConfirmation(boolean confirm) Confirm passkey for PAIRING_VARIANT_PASSKEY_CONFIRMATION pairing.

PAIRING_VARIANT_PIN = "The user will be prompted to enter a pin or an app will enter a pin for user".

PAIRING_VARIANT_PASSKEY_CONFIRMATION = "The user will be prompted to confirm the passkey displayed on the screen or an app will confirm the passkey for the user"

Seems using the code, the app will be the one to input the password and confirm the password making it an "auto-connect" features but the android site does not give a sample code on how to use this. Does any of you have a sample code in using this or related process? I appreciate your help!

Answer 1

First to clarify, this solution is designed for newer version of API (15 or later?)

I found the answer written in another post (see Roldofo's answer in Here). Here is my reorganized answer with detailed code.

In a nutshell, you need to setup a broadcast receiver to trap the ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST, and then programmatically pass the PIN and confirm.

Register a broadcast receiver:

    IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST);
    getActivity().registerReceiver(mPairingRequestReceiver, filter);

The definition of the receiver:

private final BroadcastReceiver mPairingRequestReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        String action = intent.getAction();
        if (action.equals(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST)) {
            try {
                    BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                    int pin=intent.getIntExtra("android.bluetooth.device.extra.PAIRING_KEY", 1234);
                    //the pin in case you need to accept for an specific pin
                    Log.d(TAG, "Start Auto Pairing. PIN = " + intent.getIntExtra("android.bluetooth.device.extra.PAIRING_KEY",1234));
                    byte[] pinBytes;
                    pinBytes = (""+pin).getBytes("UTF-8");
                    device.setPin(pinBytes);
                    //setPairing confirmation if neeeded
                    device.setPairingConfirmation(true);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Error occurs when trying to auto pair");
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
};

Then at your activity or fragment (wherever you want to initiate the pairing), you can call the following defined pairDevice() method to invoke pairing attempt (which will generate a ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST)

private void pairDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
    try {
        Log.d(TAG, "Start Pairing... with: " + device.getName());
        device.createBond();
        Log.d(TAG, "Pairing finished.");
    } catch (Exception e) {
        Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
    }
}

Answer 2

I also faced the same problem and after all the research, I figured out the below solution.

(Tested and working!!!)

I am basically looking for a particular bluetooth device (I know MAC address) and pair with it once found. The first thing to do is to create pair request using boradcast receiver and handle the request as below.

IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST);
                intentFilter.setPriority(IntentFilter.SYSTEM_HIGH_PRIORITY);
                registerReceiver(broadCastReceiver,intentFilter);

You need to write the broadcastReceiver and handle it as below.

String BLE_PIN = "1234"
private BroadcastReceiver broadCastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        String action = intent.getAction();
        if(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST.equals(action))
        {
            BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
            bluetoothDevice.setPin(BLE_PIN.getBytes());
            Log.e(TAG,"Auto-entering pin: " + BLE_PIN);
            bluetoothDevice.createBond();
            Log.e(TAG,"pin entered and request sent...");
        }
    }
};

Voila! You should be able to pair to bluetooth device without ANY MANUAL INTERVENTION.

Hope this helps :-) Please make it right answer if it works for you.

Answer 3

Yes this possible to do by code

In you main activity add the following code

BluetoothReceiver myreceiver = new BluetoothReceiver();
var intentfilterparingrequest = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ActionPairingRequest);
RegisterReceiver(myreceiver, intentfilterparingrequest);

In your broadcast receiver write following code, if not create a new broadcast receiver

public class BluetoothReceiver : BroadcastReceiver
{
    public override void OnReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
    {
        string BLE_PIN = "0000";
        var action = intent.Action;
        switch (action)
        {
            case BluetoothDevice.ActionPairingRequest:
                BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice = 
              (BluetoothDevice)intent.GetParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.ExtraDevice);
                bluetoothDevice.SetPin(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(BLE_PIN));
                bluetoothDevice.CreateBond();
                break;
        }
    } 
}