Here my return json from my Ajax method :
{"id_ac":"32","mail_uniq_ac":"[email protected]","id_civ":"2"}
I would like to access to id_ac key value in my javascript but actually, I cannot. 
this is my ajax controller :
public function executeAjaxGetActeur(sfWebRequest $request){
        $id_ac = $request->getParameter('id_ac');
        $acteur = Doctrine_Core::getTable('Acteur')->findOneByIdAc($id_ac);
        return $this->renderText(json_encode($acteur->toArray()));
    }
Here is my javascript where I need to get the key values
function showModalTempsPartenaire($id_ac){
        var $id_ac = $id_ac;
        $.post($url + "/ajax/get_acteur", {
            id_ac: $id_ac
        }, function (data) {
            if (data && trim(data) != '')
                console.log(data);
            console.log(data['id_ac'])
        });
}
The :
console.log(data); 
Output me :
{"id_ac":"32","mail_uniq_ac":"[email protected]","id_civ":"2"}
but console.log(data['id_ac']); return undifined
You're encoding the data to JSON in the server side using json_encode(), you need to decode it in the client side using JSON.parse() so you will be able to get the information from it like :
function showModalTempsPartenaire($id_ac){
    var $id_ac = $id_ac;
    $.post($url + "/ajax/get_acteur", {
        id_ac: $id_ac
    }, function (data) {
        if (data && trim(data) != '')
            data = JSON.parse(data);
        console.log(data['id_ac'])
    });
}
Working sample
var data = '{"id_ac":"32","mail_uniq_ac":"[email protected]","id_civ":"2"}';
var obj = JSON.parse(data);
console.log(obj['id_ac']);
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