Access data in package subdirectory [duplicate]

Question

The standard way to do this is with setuptools packages and pkg_resources.

You can lay out your package according to the following hierarchy, and configure the package setup file to point it your data resources, as per this link:

http://docs.python.org/distutils/setupscript.html#installing-package-data

You can then re-find and use those files using pkg_resources, as per this link:

http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/PkgResources#basic-resource-access

import pkg_resources

DATA_PATH = pkg_resources.resource_filename('<package name>', 'data/')
DB_FILE = pkg_resources.resource_filename('<package name>', 'data/sqlite.db')

You can use __file__ to get the path to the package, like this:

import os
this_dir, this_filename = os.path.split(__file__)
DATA_PATH = os.path.join(this_dir, "data", "data.txt")
print open(DATA_PATH).read()

There is often not point in making an answer that details code that does not work as is, but I believe this to be an exception. Python 3.7 added importlib.resources that is supposed to replace pkg_resources. It would work for accessing files within packages that do not have slashes in their names, i.e.

foo/
    __init__.py
    module1.py
    module2.py
    data/   
       data.txt
    data2.txt

i.e. you could access data2.txt inside package foo with for example

importlib.resources.open_binary('foo', 'data2.txt')

but it would fail with an exception for

>>> importlib.resources.open_binary('foo', 'data/data.txt')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python3.7/importlib/resources.py", line 87, in open_binary
    resource = _normalize_path(resource)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.7/importlib/resources.py", line 61, in _normalize_path
    raise ValueError('{!r} must be only a file name'.format(path))
ValueError: 'data/data2.txt' must be only a file name

This cannot be fixed except by placing __init__.py in data and then using it as a package:

importlib.resources.open_binary('foo.data', 'data.txt')

The reason for this behaviour is "it is by design"; but the design might change...

To provide a solution working today. Definitely use this API to not reinvent all those wheels.

A true filesystem filename is needed. Zipped eggs will be extracted to a cache directory:

from pkg_resources import resource_filename, Requirement

path_to_vik_logo = resource_filename(Requirement.parse("enb.portals"), "enb/portals/reports/VIK_logo.png")

Return a readable file-like object for the specified resource; it may be an actual file, a StringIO, or some similar object. The stream is in “binary mode”, in the sense that whatever bytes are in the resource will be read as-is.

from pkg_resources import resource_stream, Requirement

vik_logo_as_stream = resource_stream(Requirement.parse("enb.portals"), "enb/portals/reports/VIK_logo.png")

Package Discovery and Resource Access using pkg_resources

• https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/pkg_resources.html#resource-extraction
• https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/pkg_resources.html#basic-resource-access