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I heard someone said:
"Scala uses a type lattice rather than a type hierarchy, which is different from Java".
I do not quite understand what the meaning type lattice is and what the main difference between type lattice and type hierarchy is.
Could someone explain this term to me?
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AnyRef represents reference types. All non-value types are defined as reference types. Every user-defined type in Scala is a subtype of AnyRef . If Scala is used in the context of a Java runtime environment, AnyRef corresponds to java. lang.
Any has two direct subclasses: AnyVal. AnyRef.
Scala also defines some interesting classes at the bottom of the hierarchy, Null and Nothing, which essentially act as common subclasses. For example, just as Any is a superclass of every other class, Nothing is a subclass of every other class.
Its essentially means that : The type hierarchy for Scala is a lattice, i.e. it has a “bottom” as well as a “top”.
As seen from the image the top type here is Any and the bottom is Nothing.
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