For a normal function, map
works well:
def increment(n):
return n+1
l = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
l = map(increment, l)
print l
>>> [2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
However, if it's print
being put inside the map
function:
l = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
l = map(print, l)
print l
python will complain:
l = map(print, l)
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
What makes print
special? Doesn't print(x)
also a valid function call? The above code are tested under python 2.7.
Map in Python is a function that works as an iterator to return a result after applying a function to every item of an iterable (tuple, lists, etc.). It is used when you want to apply a single transformation function to all the iterable elements. The iterable and function are passed as arguments to the map in Python.
In Python 2.x, print
is a statement, not a function. If you try this in Python 3.x it will work.
In Python 2.x, you can say print(x)
and it is not a syntax error, but it isn't actually a function call. Just as 1 + (3)
is the same as 1 + 3
, print(x)
is the same as print x
in Python 2.x.
In Python 2.x you can do this:
def prn(x):
print x
Then you can do:
map(prn, lst)
and it will work. Note that you probably don't want to do lst = map(prn, lst)
because prn()
returns None
, so you will replace your list of values with a same-length list of just the value None
.
EDIT: Two other solutions for Python 2.x.
If you want to completely change the behavior of print
, you can do this:
from __future__ import print_function
map(print, lst)
This makes print
into a function just as it is in Python 3.x, so it works with map()
.
Or, you can do this:
from pprint import pprint
map(pprint, lst)
pprint()
is a function that prints things and it is available as a built-in. I'm not exactly sure how it is different from the default print
(it says it is a "pretty-print" function but I'm not sure how exactly that makes it different).
Also, according to the PEP 8 standard, it is non-recommended to use l
as a variable name, so I am using lst
instead in my examples.
http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/
A better way to map print in 2.x would be to do
from __future__ import print_function
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