In theory browsers could support several programming languages for client-side scripting of web pages. In practice, ECMAScript is the only one widely implemented and used in all browsers. So for most people, it is an integral part of the web.
However, it has never been promoted as a recommendation by the W3C for web page scripting. And HTML5 does seems to promote it either, even though client-side interactivity is becoming more and more important. Why it is the case?
This Standard defines the ECMAScript 2022 general-purpose programming language. Kindly note that the normative copy is the HTML version; the PDF version has been produced to generate a printable document.
JavaScript is a general-purpose scripting language that conforms to the ECMAScript specification. The ECMAScript specification is a blueprint for creating a scripting language. JavaScript is an implementation of that blueprint. On the whole, JavaScript implements the ECMAScript specification as described in ECMA-262.
ECMAScript (/ˈɛkməskrɪpt/; ES) is a JavaScript standard intended to ensure the interoperability of web pages across different browsers. It is standardized by Ecma International in the document ECMA-262.
ActionScript and JScript are other languages that implement the ECMAScript. JavaScript was submitted to ECMA for standardization but due to trademark issues with the name Javascript the standard became called ECMAScript.
I'll take a stab at this: W3C tries to draft and recommend standards. ECMAscript is already a standard, from ECMA. It doesn't need to re-ratify the language.
Something close to this is the w3c's attempts to standardize the document object model (DOM) by which all browsers interact with a HTML page using javascript/ecmascript (or vbscript or any other client-side scripting language.) This hasn't actually been smooth sailing tbh, but it's better than nothing (so they keep telling me)
http://www.w3.org/DOM/
-Oisin
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