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I want to use ZBar from Python on Heroku. On a regular Ubuntu 14.04 server I can run either
sudo apt-get install python-qrtools
-- OR --
sudo apt-get install zbar-tools
sudo apt-get install libzbar-dev
sudo apt-get install python-zbar
After either the first, or the last three I can do an import zbar from Python. So using heroku-buildpack-apt (in combination with heroku-buildpack-multi) I tried both options. In both cases it seems to install everything correctly without errors (see installation logs below), but trying it on a python command line always yields:
>>> import zbar
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named zbar
Seeing that the Heroku logs (below) list the Linux distro as Ubuntu Trusty (=14.04) I don't see why it does work on my own 14.04 install, but doesn't work on Heroku.
Does anybody know why this doesn't work and how I can install the needed packages on Heroku? All tips are welcome!
Heroku install logs when trying to install python-qrtools:
remote: =====> Downloading Buildpack: https://github.com/ddollar/heroku-buildpack-apt
remote: =====> Detected Framework: Apt
remote: -----> Updating apt caches
remote: Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty InRelease
remote: Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security InRelease
remote: Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates InRelease
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release.gpg
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security Release.gpg
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates Release.gpg
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security Release
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates Release
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main amd64 Packages
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe amd64 Packages
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main Translation-en
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe Translation-en
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/main amd64 Packages
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/main Translation-en
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/main Translation-en
remote: Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main Translation-en_US
remote: Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe Translation-en_US
remote: Reading package lists...
remote: -----> Fetching .debs for python-qrtools
remote: Reading package lists...
remote: Building dependency tree...
remote: The following extra packages will be installed:
remote: libqrencode3 libv4l-0 libv4lconvert0 libwebp5 libwebpmux1 libzbar0
remote: python-imaging python-pil python-zbar qrencode
remote: Suggested packages:
remote: python-pil-doc python-pil-dbg
remote: The following NEW packages will be installed:
remote: libqrencode3 libv4l-0 libv4lconvert0 libwebp5 libwebpmux1 libzbar0
remote: python-imaging python-pil python-qrtools python-zbar qrencode
remote: 0 upgraded, 11 newly installed, 0 to remove and 81 not upgraded.
remote: Need to get 0 B/721 kB of archives.
remote: After this operation, 2,724 kB of additional disk space will be used.
remote: Download complete and in download only mode
remote: -----> Installing libqrencode3_3.4.2-1_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing libv4l-0_1.0.1-1_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing libv4lconvert0_1.0.1-1_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing libwebp5_0.4.0-4_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing libwebpmux1_0.4.0-4_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing libzbar0_0.10+doc-9build1_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing python-imaging_2.3.0-1ubuntu3_all.deb
remote: -----> Installing python-pil_2.3.0-1ubuntu3_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing python-qrtools_1.4~bzr16-1ubuntu1_all.deb
remote: -----> Installing python-zbar_0.10+doc-9build1_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing qrencode_3.4.2-1_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Writing profile script
remote: =====> Downloading Buildpack: https://github.com/heroku/heroku-buildpack-python.git
remote: =====> Detected Framework: Python
remote: -----> Installing dependencies with pip
remote: Cleaning up...
remote:
remote: Using release configuration from last framework (Python).
remote: -----> Discovering process types
remote: Procfile declares types -> web
remote:
remote: -----> Compressing... done, 39.4MB
remote: -----> Launching... done, v22
remote: https://mysterious-man-1234.herokuapp.com/ deployed to Heroku
remote:
remote: Verifying deploy... done.
Heroku install logs when trying to install zbar-tools, libzbar-dev and python-zbar:
remote: =====> Downloading Buildpack: https://github.com/ddollar/heroku-buildpack-apt
remote: =====> Detected Framework: Apt
remote: -----> Updating apt caches
remote: Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty InRelease
remote: Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security InRelease
remote: Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates InRelease
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release.gpg
remote: Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security Release.gpg [933 B]
remote: Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates Release.gpg [933 B]
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release
remote: Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security Release [62.0 kB]
remote: Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates Release [62.0 kB]
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main amd64 Packages
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe amd64 Packages
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main Translation-en
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe Translation-en
remote: Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/main amd64 Packages [181 kB]
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/main Translation-en
remote: Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages [384 kB]
remote: Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/main Translation-en
remote: Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main Translation-en_US
remote: Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe Translation-en_US
remote: Fetched 691 kB in 3s (219 kB/s)
remote: Reading package lists...
remote: -----> Fetching .debs for zbar-tools
remote: Reading package lists...
remote: Building dependency tree...
remote: The following extra packages will be installed:
remote: libv4l-0 libv4lconvert0 libzbar0
remote: The following NEW packages will be installed:
remote: libv4l-0 libv4lconvert0 libzbar0 zbar-tools
remote: 0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 81 not upgraded.
remote: Need to get 0 B/231 kB of archives.
remote: After this operation, 861 kB of additional disk space will be used.
remote: Download complete and in download only mode
remote: -----> Fetching .debs for libzbar-dev
remote: Reading package lists...
remote: Building dependency tree...
remote: The following extra packages will be installed:
remote: libmagick++-dev libmagick++5 libv4l-0 libv4lconvert0 libzbar0
remote: The following NEW packages will be installed:
remote: libmagick++-dev libmagick++5 libv4l-0 libv4lconvert0 libzbar-dev libzbar0
remote: 0 upgraded, 6 newly installed, 0 to remove and 81 not upgraded.
remote: Need to get 0 B/563 kB of archives.
remote: After this operation, 2,980 kB of additional disk space will be used.
remote: Download complete and in download only mode
remote: -----> Fetching .debs for python-zbar
remote: Reading package lists...
remote: Building dependency tree...
remote: The following extra packages will be installed:
remote: libv4l-0 libv4lconvert0 libzbar0
remote: The following NEW packages will be installed:
remote: libv4l-0 libv4lconvert0 libzbar0 python-zbar
remote: 0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 81 not upgraded.
remote: Need to get 0 B/225 kB of archives.
remote: After this operation, 873 kB of additional disk space will be used.
remote: Download complete and in download only mode
remote: -----> Installing libmagick++5_8%3a6.7.7.10-6ubuntu3_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing libmagick++-dev_8%3a6.7.7.10-6ubuntu3_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing libqrencode3_3.4.2-1_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing libv4l-0_1.0.1-1_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing libv4lconvert0_1.0.1-1_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing libwebp5_0.4.0-4_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing libwebpmux1_0.4.0-4_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing libzbar0_0.10+doc-9build1_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing libzbar-dev_0.10+doc-9build1_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing python-imaging_2.3.0-1ubuntu3_all.deb
remote: -----> Installing python-pil_2.3.0-1ubuntu3_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing python-qrtools_1.4~bzr16-1ubuntu1_all.deb
remote: -----> Installing python-zbar_0.10+doc-9build1_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing qrencode_3.4.2-1_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Installing zbar-tools_0.10+doc-9build1_amd64.deb
remote: -----> Writing profile script
remote: Using release configuration from last framework (Apt).
remote: -----> Discovering process types
remote: Procfile declares types -> web
remote:
remote: -----> Compressing... done, 39.8MB
remote: -----> Launching... done, v24
remote: https://mystery-man-1234.herokuapp.com/ deployed to Heroku
remote:
remote: Verifying deploy... done.
388
The Aptfile is a text file where each line is the package you want to install. apt will install the package mentioned and any of its dependencies. To make use of the Aptfile , you need to use the heroku-buildpack-apt buildpack.
Type in sudo aptitude install PACKAGENAME, where PACKAGENAME is the package you're installing, and press Enter to execute it. This will try to install the package via aptitude instead of apt-get, which should potentially fix the unmet dependencies issue.
With the amazing help of @PadraicCunningham I managed to find the solution. The problem turned out to be that heroku-buildpack-apt installs things in a newly created folder /app/.apt/ which was not in the PYTHONPATH.
So I added the relevant folder to my PYTHONPATH on heroku as follows:
heroku config:add PYTHONPATH=/app/.apt/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/
This solved the issue. Again a big thanks to PadraicCunningham for helping me to find this issue!
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