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I have developed a p2p video chat using Webrtc. I am aware that STUN or TURN server is required to identify the public IP behind NAT. Currently am using Google's STUN server.
I have the application installed in the server connected to the LAN which will not have internet access, do I need to install the STUN server in my server to make Webrtc video chat work within the LAN?
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More generally, no, a STUN server is not strictly required. I know this because I successfully connected 2 WebRTC peers without a stun server. I used the example code from aiortc, a python WebRTC/ ORTC library where both clients were running locally on my laptop. The signalling channel used my manual copy-pasting.
STUN. Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) is a protocol to discover your public address and determine any restrictions in your router that would prevent a direct connection with a peer.
The STUN server allows clients to find out their public address, the type of NAT they are behind and the Internet side port associated by the NAT with a particular local port. This information is used to set up UDP communication between the client and the VoIP provider to establish a call.
Does WebRTC Need a Server? WebRTC can easily connect two browsers on a local area network. However, WebRTC and browsers alone aren't capable of connecting through the internet. WebRTC needs a server to handle tasks like getting through firewalls and routing data outside of your local network.
Peers should be able to connect within a LAN (on the same side of a NAT) without STUN, i.e. using the host candidates. Try it out!
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In general, you won't need a STUN server. However, depending on the firewall configuration, you may actually need STUN (and even TURN). For example, at the SFHTML5 WebRTC Hackathon, we were on a corporate guest WiFi network that blocked local UDP and TCP traffic. Making successful calls required a TURN server in this case.
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