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This were the only two questions I couldn't answer in the interview I got rejected from last night.
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Multithreading is a process of executing multiple threads simultaneously. You should use multithreading when you can perform multiple operations together so that it can save time.
Advantages of Multithreaded ProcessesAll the threads of a process share its resources such as memory, data, files etc. A single application can have different threads within the same address space using resource sharing. It is more economical to use threads as they share the process resources.
On a multiprocessor system, multiple threads can concurrently run on multiple CPUs. Therefore, multithreaded programs can run much faster than on a uniprocessor system. They can also be faster than a program using multiple processes, because threads require fewer resources and generate less overhead.
Multiprocessing is used to create a more reliable system, whereas multithreading is used to create threads that run parallel to each other. multithreading is quick to create and requires few resources, whereas multiprocessing requires a significant amount of time and specific resources to create.
Q: When should you use multithreading?
A: "Your question is very broad. There are few non-trivial systems where the functionality can be met simply, quickly and reliably with only one thread. For example: [pick out a typical system that the target company sells and pick out a couple aspects of its function that would be better threaded off - heavy CPU, comms, multi-user - just pick out something likely & explain].
Q: Would multithreading be beneficial if the different threads execute mutually independent tasks?
A: "Depends on what you mean by 'executing tasks'. Multithreading would surely be beneficial if the threads process mutually independent data in a concurrent fashion - it reduces requirements for locks and probabilty of deadlocks increases in a super-linear fashion with the number of locks. OTOH, there is no issue with threads executing the same code, this is safe and very common."
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