When and Why to use abstract classes/methods? [closed]

Question

I have some basic questions about abstract classes/methods. I know the basic use of abstract classes is to create templates for future classes. But are there any more uses for them? When should you prefer them over interfaces and when not? Also, when are abstract methods useful?

Answer 1

I know the basic use of abstract classes is to create templates for future classes. But are there any more uses of them?

Not only can you define a template for children, but Abstract Classes offer the added benefit of letting you define the functionality that your child classes can utilize later.

You could not provide a default method implementation in an Interface prior to Java 8.

When should you prefer them over interfaces and when not?

Abstract Classes are a good fit if you want to provide implementation details to your children but don't want to allow an instance of your class to be directly instantiated (which allows you to partially define a class).

If you want to simply define a contract for Objects to follow, then use an Interface.

Also when are abstract methods useful?

Abstract methods are useful in the same way that defining methods in an interface is useful. It's a way for the designer of the Abstract class to say "any child of mine MUST implement this method".

Answer 2

read the following article http://mycodelines.wordpress.com/2009/09/01/in-which-scenario-we-use-abstract-classes-and-interfaces/

Abstract Classes

–> When you have a requirement where your base class should provide default implementation of certain methods whereas other methods should be open to being overridden by child classes use abstract classes.

For e.g. again take the example of the Vehicle class above. If we want all classes deriving from Vehicle to implement the Drive() method in a fixed way whereas the other methods can be overridden by child classes. In such a scenario we implement the Vehicle class as an abstract class with an implementation of Drive while leave the other methods / properties as abstract so they could be overridden by child classes.

–> The purpose of an abstract class is to provide a common definition of a base class that multiple derived classes can share.

For example a class library may define an abstract class that is used as a parameter to many of its functions and require programmers using that library to provide their own implementation of the class by creating a derived class.

Use an abstract class

When creating a class library which will be widely distributed or reused—especially to clients, use an abstract class in preference to an interface; because, it simplifies versioning. This is the practice used by the Microsoft team which developed the Base Class Library. ( COM was designed around interfaces.) Use an abstract class to define a common base class for a family of types. Use an abstract class to provide default behavior. Subclass only a base class in a hierarchy to which the class logically belongs.