What's the difference between UTF8/UTF16 and Base64 in terms of encoding

Question

In. c#

We can use below classes to do encoding:

• System.Text.Encoding.UTF8
• System.Text.Encoding.UTF16
• System.Text.Encoding.ASCII

Why there is no System.Text.Encoding.Base64?

We can only use Convert.From(To)Base64String method, what's special of base64?

Can I say base64 is the same encoding method as UTF-8? Or UTF-8 is one of base64?

Answer 1

UTF-8 and UTF-16 are methods to encode Unicode strings to byte sequences.

See: The Absolute Minimum Every Software Developer Absolutely, Positively Must Know About Unicode and Character Sets (No Excuses!)

Base64 is a method to encode a byte sequence to a string.

So, these are widely different concepts and should not be confused.

Things to keep in mind:

• Not every byte sequence represents an Unicode string encoded in UTF-8 or UTF-16.

• Not every Unicode string represents a byte sequence encoded in Base64.

Answer 2

Base64 is a way to encode binary data, while UTF8 and UTF16 are ways to encode Unicode text. Note that in a language like Python 2.x, where binary data and strings are mixed, you can encode strings into base64 or utf8 the same way:

u'abc'.encode('utf16') u'abc'.encode('base64') 

But in languages where there's a more well-defined separation between the two types of data, the two ways of representing data generally have quite different utilities, to keep the concerns separate.