What's the difference between ++$i and $i++ in PHP?

Question

What's the difference between ++$i and $i++ in PHP?

Answer 1

++$i is pre-increment whilst $i++ post-increment.

• pre-increment: increment variable i first and then de-reference.
• post-increment: de-reference and then increment i

"Take advantage of the fact that PHP allows you to post-increment ($i++) and pre-increment (++$i). The meaning is the same as long as you are not writing anything like $j = $i++, however pre-incrementing is almost 10% faster, which means that you should switch from post- to pre-incrementing when you have the opportunity, especially in tight loops and especially if you're pedantic about micro-optimisations!" - TuxRadar

For further clarification, post-incrementation in PHP has been documented as storing a temporary variable which attributes to this 10% overhead vs. pre-incrementation.

Answer 2

++$i increments $i, but evaluates to the value of $i+1 $i++ increments $i, but evaluates to the old value of $i.

Here's an example:

$i = 10; $a = $i++; // Now $a is 10, and $i is 11  $i = 10; $a = ++$i; // Now $a is 11, and $i is 11 

There is sometimes a slight preformance cost for using $i++. See, when you do something like

$a = $i++; 

You're really doing this:

$temporary_variable = $i; $i=$i+1; $a=$temporary_variable;