What statically typed languages are similar to Python? [closed]

Question

Python is the nicest language I currently know of, but static typing is a big advantage due to auto-completion (although there is limited support for dynamic languages, it is nothing compared to that supported in static). I'm curious if there are any languages which try to add the benefits of Python to a statically typed language. In particular I'm interesting in languages with features like:

• Syntax support: such as that for dictionaries, array comprehensions
• Functions: Keyword arguments, closures, tuple/multiple return values
• Runtime modification/creation of classes
• Avoidance of specifying classes everywhere (in Python this is due to duck typing, although type inference would work better in a statically typed language)
• Metaprogramming support: This is achieved in Python through reflection, annotations and metaclasses

Are there any statically typed languages with a significant number of these features?

Answer 1

Boo is a statically typed language for the Common Language Infrastructure (aka. the Microsoft .NET platform). The syntax is highly inspired by Python, and hashes/lists/array are part of the syntax:

i = 5 if i > 5:     print "i is greater than 5." else:     print "i is less than or equal to 5."  hash = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'monkey': 3, 42: 'the answer'} print hash['a'] print hash[42]  for item in hash:     print item.Key, '=>', item.Value 

Answer 2

Cobra is a statically typed language for the CLR (as Boo). From its web page:

Cobra is a general purpose programming language with:

 - a clean, high-level syntax  - static and dynamic binding  - first class support for unit tests and contracts  - compiled performance with scripting conveniences  - lambdas and closures  - extensions and mixins  - ...and more 

Sample code:  """ This is a doc string for the whole module. """   class Person     """     This is a class declaration.     """      var _name as String  # declare an object variable. every instance of Person will have a name     var _age as int      cue init(name as String, age as int)         _name = name         _age = age      def sayHello         # This is a method          # In strings, anything in brackets ([]) is evaluated as an expression,         # converted to a string and substituted into the string:         print 'Hello. My name is [_name] and I am [_age].'      def add(i as int, j as int) as int         """ Adds the two arguments and returns their sum. """         return i + j