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Doesn't the file type already let the browser know that the document is an html document. MDN mentions that it is the root element, so is using it just a formality?
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It is a family trait of HTML, XML, and SGML that they all need to be nested inside a root element. It's just part of the data standard and lets the interpreter know where to start and stop, and verifies that the document is complete and well-formed.
<!DOCTYPE html> specifies the type of document. In that case it means that it is HTML 5 currently, as opposed to XML or XHTML 1.0 transitional, as examples. Keep in mind that if you are downloading these as byte streams you may not always know the file type.
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Yes. The <html> tag is the root and can even be omitted in somes cases (from MDN):
The start tag may be omitted if the first thing inside the
<html>element is not a comment. The end tag may be omitted if the<html>element is not immediately followed by a comment, and it contains a<body>element either that is not empty or whose start tag is present.
But not only:
<body> will usually be enough).lang, which is the W3C way of defining an HTML document language.There is probably more to say but that’s what I see as arguments for the <html> element, apart from its main role of being the root element for an HTML document.
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