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What is second level cache in hibernate ?
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A second-level cache is a local store of entity data managed by the persistence provider to improve application performance. A second-level cache helps improve performance by avoiding expensive database calls, keeping the entity data local to the application.
First level cache is a session level cache and it is always associated with session level object. Second level cache is session factory level cache and it is available across all sessions. 2. Enabled. It is enabled by default.
L1 Cache is the cache that exists per Hibernate session, and this cache is not shared among threads. This cache makes use of Hibernate's own caching. L2 Cache is a cache that survives beyond a Hibernate session, and can be shared among threads.
Hibernate second level cache uses a common cache for all the session object of a session factory. It is useful if you have multiple session objects from a session factory. SessionFactory holds the second level cache data. It is global for all the session objects and not enabled by default.
Hibernate comes with three different caches: first level, second level and query cache.
The first level cache is the Hibernate Session and is used to track the state of entities during the current Session (or unit of work). This is a transaction-level cache.
The second level cache shares entity state across various Session. This is a SessionFactory-level cache.
The query cache is used to cache queries (and their parameters) and their results.
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First level cache is enabled by default and works in session scope.Second level cache is apart from first level cache which is available to be used globally in session factory scope. Therefore second level cache is created in session factory scope and is available to be used in all sessions which are created using that particular session factory. It also means that once session factory is closed, all cache associated with it die and cache manager also closed down. Whenever hibernate session try to load an entity, the very first place it look for cached copy of entity in first level cache and if there is no cached entity in first level cache, then second level cache is looked up for cached entity.
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