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I've read that '\n' is preferred over 'endl' for new line in c++ because 'endl' inserts new line and flushes the stream. Please tell me what is flushing the stream ?
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C++ File I/O Flushing a stream This means that writes to the stream may not cause the underlying file to change immediately. In oder to force all buffered writes to take place immediately, you can flush the stream.
flush() method flushes the stream. If the stream has saved any characters from the various write() methods in a buffer, write them immediately to their intended destination. Then, if that destination is another character or byte stream, flush it.
The stream data available in the buffer needs to be flushed out, when new data is to be written to that buffer. The flushed out stream outputs the bytes to another output stream.
The flush() method in Python file handling clears the internal buffer of the file.
Flushing a stream ensures that all data that has been written to that stream is output, including clearing any that may have been buffered.
Some streams are buffered to aid performance, e.g. a stream writing to disk may buffer until the content reaches a block size.
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When you flush the stream you force contents of the output stream to the default output medium the OS uses. The term stream is an abstraction of a construct that allows you to send or receive an unknown number of bytes. In certain points in a program, the output stream is automatically flushed, flushing is not always necessary. To reduce overhead and improve performance, a stream buffers its contents and only periodically "flushes" it. Examples of streams are cin (std::cin) and cout (std::cout) which are the input and output streams. "std::cin" has a buffer to store input data whereas "std::cout's" buffer is used to store data that's going to be sent to screen.
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