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I am still not clear what does size in em mean?
I have worked px, pt in CSS.
What would 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 em mean?
I have seen height's in CSS like:
height: 0.8em; or height: 1.2em;
How is it calculated?
511
The em is simply the font size. In an element with a 2in font, 1em thus means 2in. Expressing sizes, such as margins and paddings, in em means they are related to the font size, and if the user has a big font (e.g., on a big screen) or a small font (e.g., on a handheld device), the sizes will be in proportion.
An em is equal to the computed font-size of that element's parent. For example, If there is a div element defined with font-size: 16px then for that div and for its children 1em = 16px . If font-size is not defined explicitly, that element will inherit it from the parent element.
EM: Relative to the parent element. REM: Relative to the root element (HTML tag) %: Relative to the parent element. VW: Relative to the viewport's width. VH: Relative to the viewport's height.
An em space is a typographical space measuring one em in width. Traditionally, for a font that uses the Latin alphabet, an em space is approximately the width of a capital letter M.
The meaning of "em" has changed over the years. Not all fonts have the letter "M" in them (for example, Chinese), but all fonts have a height. The term has therefore come to mean the height of the font – not the width of the letter "M."
Let's look at a simple example where we use the em unit to set font sizes:
<html>
<style>
h1 { font-size: 2em }
</style>
<body>
<h1>Movies</h1>
</body>
</html>
When used to specify font sizes, the em unit refers to the font size of the parent element. So, in the previous example, the font size of the
h1element is set to be twice the font size of thebodyelement. To find what the font size of theh1element will be, we need to know the font size ofbody. Because this isn't specified in the style sheet, the browser must find it from somewhere else – a good place to look is in the user's preferences. So, if the user sets the normal font size to 10 points, the size of theh1element is 20 points. This makes document headlines stand out relative to the surrounding text. Therefore: Always use ems to set font sizes!
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