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Android is a software stack but not an OS. as stated by developer.android.com
What is Android? Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware & key applications. The Android SDK provides the tools and APIs necessary to begin developing applications on the Android platform using the Java programming language.
I don't understand that software stack is OS works with the Applications, so Windows is an OS but if I install Applications on it, should I call it a software stack?
So what is the difference between Software Stack and OS, Android includes kernel so why not its an OS?
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Android is an open source, Linux-based software stack created for a wide array of devices and form factors. The following diagram shows the major components of the Android platform. Figure 1. The Android software stack.
A software stack is a collection of independent components that work together to support the execution of an application. The components, which may include an operating system, architectural layers, protocols, runtime environments, databases and function calls, are stacked one on top of each other in a hierarchy.
Android is a mobile operating system based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open source software, designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
Google Stack is a document-digitizing and -filing app, launched by Google in March 2021. The app is free but available exclusively for Android users. Google Stack uses artificial intelligence to scan and store papers as PDFs, organizing them into customizable categories.
The OS is the core kernel of the system, and the software stack is the software sitting on top of the kernel which enhances and expands the functionality of the system.
Windows tends to blur the line a bit, but Linux makes it a bit more visible.
In Linux, the kernel is the OS. The software stack sitting on top of the kernel can include things like:
So things like a control panel application to edit system settings aren't part of the operating system. They're part of the software stack on top of the operating system.
You could have a very tiny operating system which doesn't have much of a software stack running on top of it. By itself, it wouldn't provide much usability, but rather a foundation for adding usability.
Android has its Software stack built upon Linux Kernel, which takes care of the power management acts as an interface between other hardware parts of the device. Here's a link which can help you learn more about Android architecture
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