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I have been reading some article on Windows Identity foundation and there are some vague definitions on federation provider(may be my understanding is not accurate). However I didn't come across one article which dilettantes between Identity provider and Federation provider clearly. Can anyone please explain me the difference clearly?
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Federated identity allows authorized users to access multiple applications and domains using a single set of credentials. It links a user's identity across multiple identity management systems so they can access different applications securely and efficiently.
While SSO allows a single authentication credential to access different systems within a single organization, a federated identity management system provides single access to multiple systems across different enterprises.
PingFederate is a federation server that provides identity management, single sign-on , and API security for the enterprise. See the complete PingFederate instructions to configure PingFederate as an identity provider.
A service provider is a federation partner that provides services to the user. The Identity Provider authenticates the user and provides an authentication token (that is, information that verifies the authenticity of the user) to the service provider.
There are different WEB authentication mechanisms and protocols. Each has its own (always changing) terminology. At times someone invents new terminology to clarify/confuse things.
In the WIF/Microsoft world "Identity Provider" (IP or IdP) is the term for a server that authenticates a user (the server is connected to some account database, AD in the current case of ADFS).
Federation server/provider is often used for a server that receives a SAML Token from another server. And then forwards it to the next Relying Party.
An ADFS server is often/typically *both*.
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