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I hear and see a lot of this word "kernel" as I'm using Jupyter Notebook a bit. I just want to know what "kernel" represents in Jupyter Notebook. Is it the same meaning that we use in Operating System? If it is similar/different, how exactly?
Do both kernels do the hardware interaction?
Kernel(OS): https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_(computer_science)
Kernel (Jupyter Notebook) https://jupyter-client.readthedocs.io/en/stable/kernels.html
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A kernel is a runtime environment that provides programming language support for the Jupyter Notebook application. When you open a Notebook in edit mode, exactly one interactive session connects to a Jupyter kernel for the Notebook language and Spark version that you select.
The kernel is the part of the backend responsible for executing code written by the user in the web application. For example, in the case of a Python notebook, execution of the code is typically handled by ipykernel, the reference implementation.
What is a Jupyter Notebook kernel? It is a wrapper running on the Jupyter server encapsulating the programming language interpreter. It is part of the operating system the Jupyter server runs on.
It is the core that provides basic services for all other parts of the OS. It is the main layer between the OS and underlying computer hardware, and it helps with tasks such as process and memory management, file systems, device control and networking.
A notebook kernel is an operating system process (in userland) that communicates through several ZeroMQ connections. It receives code snippets to execute, runs these code snippets, and returns the result and output of the execution.
A notebook kernel has no similarity at all to an operating system kernel. It's just a similar name for two completely different things. In computer graphics, there's also a concept called "render kernel", which has nothing to do with either notebook kernels or operating system kernels. So whenever you talk about "kernels", make sure that the audience is aware of the context.
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