What does !!~ do? [duplicate]

Question

I was reading this blog post which mentioned using:

!!~  

I have no idea what this does? at first I thought it would give an error, but the code below does run:

var _sessions = [     "_SID_1",     "_SID_2",     "_SID_3",     "_SID_4" ];  if(!!~_sessions.indexOf("_SID_5")) {     console.log('found'); } else {     console.log('!found'); } 

output:

node test.js  !found 

Answer 1

~ is the bitwise not operator. It inverts the bits of its operand. ! is the logical not operator. The bitwise not operator will return 0 when applied to -1, which is what indexOf returns when the value is not found in the array. Since 0 evaluates to false, doubly negating it will simply return false (a boolean value, rather than a numeric one):

var index = _sessions.indexOf("_SID_5"); console.log(~index); // 0 console.log(!~index); // true console.log(!!~index); //false 

The bitwise not operator will return a value less than 0 for any other possible value returned by indexOf. Since any other value will evaluate to true, it's just a shorthand method (kind of... they are both the same number of characters!) of checking whether an element exists in an array, rather than explicitly comparing with -1:

if (_sessions.indexOf("_SID_5") > -1) {     // This would work the same way } 

Update

With regards to the performance of this, it appears (in Chrome at least) to be marginally slower than the more common comparison with -1 (which itself is marginally slower than a comparison with 0).

Here's a test case and here's the results:

Update 2

In fact, the code in your question can be shortened, which may have been what the author was attempting to do. You can simply remove the !!, since the ~ will always result in 0 or below (and 0 is the only value that will evaluate to false):

if (~_sessions.indexOf("_SID_5")) {     // This works too } 

However, in a slightly different situation it could make sense to add in the ! operators. If you were to store the result of the bitwise operator in a variable, it would be a numeric value. By applying the logical not operator, you get a boolean value (and applying it again ensures you get the correct boolean value). If for some reason you require a boolean value over a numeric one, it makes a little bit more sense (but you can still just use the normal comparison with -1 or 0):

var inArray = !!~_sessions.indexOf("_SID_5"); console.log(typeof inArray); // boolean