What causes the error "_pickle.UnpicklingError: invalid load key, ' '."?

Question

I'm trying to store 5000 data elements on an array. This 5000 elements are stored on an existinng file (therefore it's not empty).

But I'm getting an error.

IN:

def array():

    name = 'puntos.df4'

    m = open(name, 'rb')
    v = []*5000

    m.seek(-5000, io.SEEK_END)
    fp = m.tell()
    sz = os.path.getsize(name)

    while fp < sz:
        pt = pickle.load(m)
        v.append(pt)

    m.close()
    return v

OUT:

line 23, in array
pt = pickle.load(m)
_pickle.UnpicklingError: invalid load key, ''.

Answer 1

pickling is recursive, not sequential. Thus, to pickle a list, pickle will start to pickle the containing list, then pickle the first element… diving into the first element and pickling dependencies and sub-elements until the first element is serialized. Then moves on to the next element of the list, and so on, until it finally finishes the list and finishes serializing the enclosing list. In short, it's hard to treat a recursive pickle as sequential, except for some special cases. It's better to use a smarter pattern on your dump, if you want to load in a special way.

The most common pickle, it to pickle everything with a single dump to a file -- but then you have to load everything at once with a single load. However, if you open a file handle and do multiple dump calls (e.g. one for each element of the list, or a tuple of selected elements), then your load will mirror that… you open the file handle and do multiple load calls until you have all the list elements and can reconstruct the list. It's still not easy to selectively load only certain list elements, however. To do that, you'd probably have to store your list elements as a dict (with the index of the element or chunk as the key) using a package like klepto, which can break up a pickled dict into several files transparently, and enables easy loading of specific elements.

Saving and loading multiple objects in pickle file?

Answer 2

This may not be relevant to your specific issue, but I had a similar problem when the pickle archive had been created using gzip.

For example if a compressed pickle archive is made like this,

import gzip, pickle
with gzip.open('test.pklz', 'wb') as ofp:
    pickle.dump([1,2,3], ofp)

Trying to open it throws the errors

 with open('test.pklz', 'rb') as ifp:
     print(pickle.load(ifp))
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 2, in <module>
_pickle.UnpicklingError: invalid load key, ''.

But, if the pickle file is opened using gzip all is harmonious

with gzip.open('test.pklz', 'rb') as ifp:
    print(pickle.load(ifp))

[1, 2, 3]

Answer 3

If you transferred these files through disk or other means, it is likely they were not saved properly.